arXiv Computer Vision By Xining Ge, Ziteng Cui, Shuhong Liu

ASTRA-SR: Atmospheric Seeing and Turbulence Restoration for Astronomical Image Super-Resolution

Read the original on arXiv Computer Vision →

ASTRA-SR is a blind single‑frame restoration framework designed for ground‑based planetary imaging, addressing atmospheric turbulence, sensor noise, and limited sampling. It is trained on a physics‑grounded synthetic dataset that uses high‑dynamic‑range spacecraft RAW observations as clean sources and synthesizes low‑resolution inputs with realistic turbulence, PSFs, and noise. The method first produces a noise‑suppressed but blur‑retaining low‑resolution image, then restores spatial structure via multiscale processing and refines high‑resolution detail with serial spatial‑amplitude refinement, achieving a 0.49 dB PSNR gain over the strongest baseline approaches.

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arXiv Machine Learning
Jun 24

Efficient reduction of stellar contamination and noise in planetary transmission spectra using neural networks

arXiv:2602. 10330v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Context: The characterization of exoplanetary atmospheres has been transformed by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), whose infrared sensitivity enables transmission spectroscopy at unprecedented precision.

By David S. Duque-Casta\~no, Lauren Flor-Torres, Jorge I. Zuluaga
arXiv Machine Learning
Sep 11

Improving Faint Object Detection for Space Situational Awareness with Variational Autoencoders

The paper introduces a deep‑learning pipeline that improves detection of faint moving objects in optical space situational awareness imagery. It combines a Tiny‑U‑Net segmentation network to mask stars with a partial‑convolution variational autoencoder (astro‑VAE) that learns background statistics and performs context‑aware inpainting. The reconstructed, star‑free backgrounds are used as a preprocessing step before detection, and when integrated with a shift‑and‑stack scheme, the method shows high‑fidelity background reconstruction and significant enhancement of moving‑target detectability in real ground‑based telescope data.

By Angela Cratere, Luca Ghilardi, Vishnu Reddy, Francesco Dell'Olio, Charalampos S. Kouzinopoulos, Roberto Furfaro