arXiv AI
Jul 14

Agentic Routing: The Harness-Native Data Flywheel

arXiv:2607. 11399v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language model agents are increasingly executed not by a single model call, but by an execution harness that manages observation, context, control, action, state, and verification.

By Xinchen Liu, Hang Zhou, Yingjie Zong, Yuchuan Tian, Liuyang Song, Shuo Zhang, Yulong Li, Wei He, Mengyu Zheng, Runke Liu, Siyang Cheng, Xiang Kuang, Hailin Hu, Kai Han, Yunhe Wang
arXiv AI
Oct 7

Do I Need the Cloud? Uncertainty-Aware Step-Level Handoff for Small Language Model Agents

The paper introduces STEPGATE, an uncertainty‑aware handoff framework that evaluates each step of a small language model (SLM) agent and selectively escalates difficult steps to a stronger model. On a 52‑task single‑step benchmark, the Qwen2.5‑1.5B/7B pair achieved 82.7% task success with only 30.8% escalation, outperforming local‑only and random escalation baselines. In multi‑turn tests, STEPGATE reached 69.0% trajectory success and 84.0% action success while using only 30.0% cloud actions, demonstrating that step‑level escalation can close much of the performance gap to a stronger backend with fewer remote tokens.

By Abolfazl Younesi
arXiv Computation and Language
Oct 19

Who Pays for Efficient Inference? Confidence-Based Small-to-Large LLM Routing Across Tasks and Languages

The paper evaluates confidence‑based routing of small‑to‑large language models across multiple tasks, languages, and model families, covering 72 configurations and over 42,000 predictions. It finds that confidence routing improves performance on reading comprehension and topic classification datasets, but offers little benefit on a knowledge‑reasoning benchmark where small models remain confidently wrong. The study also shows that global confidence routing can create large language‑specific performance gaps, which equal‑quota routing mitigates with minimal overall accuracy loss.

By Md Sabbir Hossen, Anichur Rahman, Pabon Shaha, Airin Afroj Aishi, Andrew H. Sung, Md Shohel Rana