arXiv AI By Jin Gao

Affora: A Design System for Agent-Friendly Interfaces

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Affora is a design system aimed at making software interfaces more readable by computer-use agents while still allowing designers visual freedom and maintaining familiar human workflows. The authors conducted three controlled studies on component implementations, visual variation, and interaction-design principles, using the results to create guidance from individual components to full sites, along with reusable implementations and executable checks. Evaluation on independently authored interfaces showed performance gains where Affora addressed existing deficits, with limited effects elsewhere, and a workflow case suggested reduced interaction cost.

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arXiv Computation and Language
3d ago

Hybrid Computer Use: A Unified Programmatic, Semantic, and Visual Interface for General Agents

Hybrid Computer Use (HCU) is a unified interface that enables general agents to interact with computers through three complementary channels: programmatic code and command-line tools, semantic accessibility (AX) features, and visual graphical user interfaces (GUI). The design emphasizes efficient AX interaction, batch execution, and AX diffs to reduce round trips, while a supplementary skill guides agents in selecting and coordinating these channels. On the OSWorld 2.0 benchmark, HCU outperforms other systems in both efficiency and task success, demonstrating the benefits of flexible, multi‑channel computer‑use interfaces.

By Haoqing Wang, Xiaoyi Zhang, Sicheng Fan, Zhexin Zhang, Xinjie Zhang, Jiahao Li, Bin Li, Yan Lu
arXiv AI
Sep 2

Are We There Yet? Assessing Computer-Use Agents for Blind Users' Accessible Interaction with Desktop Applications

The study evaluates computer-use agents (CUAs) for blind users by conducting a three‑week diary study with eight participants using the OLLA prototype. Across 1,258 commands in 12 desktop applications, GPT‑5 achieved the highest success rate of 52.5%, while analysis uncovered failures in grounding, planning, constraint‑tracking, and termination. Interviews highlighted additional needs beyond automation for blind users.

By Satwik Ram Kodandaram, Monalika Padma Reddy, Xiaojun Bi, Jiawei Zhou, I. V. Ramakrishnan, Vikas Ashok