arXiv Computer Vision By Ka Heng Shiu, Kartic Subr

ABCD: Alpha-Composited Block Coordinate Descent: Constant-VRAM Training for Large Radiance Fields

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ABCD (Alpha‑Composited Block Coordinate Descent) is an out‑of‑core training framework for alpha‑composited radiance fields, demonstrated on 3D Gaussian Splatting. It reformulates training as block coordinate descent over spatial partitions, keeping only one block of parameters active while pre‑rendering and collapsing inactive regions into foreground and background RGBA images. This approach reduces peak VRAM usage to a constant with respect to scene size, enabling training on GPUs with limited memory while maintaining reconstruction quality within 5% PSNR of 3DGS.

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