arXiv AI By Anglin Cai, Zhiqi Wang, Xiaozhi Yang, Yurun Lin, Dongwon Lee, Yuchen Yang

A Plausible Explanation Is Enough to Mislead Multimodal Judges

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The paper introduces JUPE, a benchmark that tests whether plausible explanations can mislead multimodal large language models (MLLMs) when judging answers that require visual verification. Across 14 MLLM judges, ordinary yet plausible explanations significantly increased acceptance of incorrect answers, with plain justifications and chain-of-thought rationales reducing rejections by 12.7 and 13.8 percentage points, respectively. Signal detection analysis shows a shift in decision criterion toward acceptance without a change in discriminability, indicating that explanations can inflate performance estimates in evaluation pipelines.

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