The paper introduces Explainable Graph-theoretical Machine Learning (XGML) to build individual metabolic brain graphs from FDG-PET data and identify subgraphs predictive of multivariate Alzheimer’s disease outcomes. Using ADNI data, the best model—kernel density estimation with Hellinger distance and random forest—achieved a Pearson correlation of 0.595 across eight cognitive scores, with the highest performance on ADAS13, ADAS11, and ADASQ4. Key edges were found to be jointly but differentially predictive, indicating potential network biomarkers for cognitive decline, though external validation on OASIS3 showed weaker performance likely due to cohort differences.
By Narmina Baghirova, Duy-Thanh V\~u, Duy-Cat Can, Christelle Schneuwly Diaz, Julien Bodlet, Guillaume Blanc, Georgi Hrusanov, Bernard Ries, Oliver Y. Ch\'en
arXiv:2608. 08926v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Neuroimaging and genetic testing are two important clinical references for nervous system diseases, offering complementary diagnostic information.
By Tianli Tao, Ziyang Wang, Emma Robinson, Rachel Sparks, Le Zhang
arXiv:2606. 05870v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease exhibit highly organized patterns of regional brain vulnerability, yet the biological mechanisms underlying this spatial selectivity remain incompletely understood.
By Krishnakumar Vaithianathan (for the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative)
The paper presents a diagnostic framework for Alzheimer’s disease that uses the Large Brain Model (LaBraM), a foundation model pretrained on over 2,500 hours of EEG data, to generate high‑dimensional latent embeddings. These embeddings are fed into a non‑linear Random Forest classifier, achieving an ROC‑AUC of 89.36% ± 3.49%, PR AUC of 81.45% ± 4.43%, and Balanced Accuracy of 82.44% ± 4.34% in a subject‑independent 5‑fold cross‑validation setting, using only 8‑second EEG segments. Post‑hoc occlusion and neurophysiological alignment analyses confirm that the model captures clinically validated biomarkers such as occipital‑frontal Alpha and Theta rhythm degradation and correlates with cognitive performance and clinical severity.
By Maggie Lin, Chung-Lin Hou, Tzyy-Ping Jung
arXiv:2606. 17867v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Despite increasing adoption of multimodal approaches in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) research -- aimed at integrating molecular, structural, clinical, and genetic biomarkers to enhance disease characterization -- the relationships among these modalities remain poorly understood.
By Antonio Scardace, Daniele Rav\`i
arXiv:2607. 01656v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The interaction between brain structure and genetic influences is key to understanding neuropsychiatric disorders.
By Jueqi Wang, Zachary Jacokes, John Darrell Van Horn, Kevin A. Pelphrey, Michael C. Schatz, Archana Venkataraman