arXiv AI

C-Score: Beyond Accuracy for Robustness Assessment in Semi-Supervised Learning under Open-World Unlabeled Contamination

The paper introduces C-Score, a diagnostic framework for evaluating pseudo‑label‑based semi‑supervised learning (SSL) when unlabeled data may contain out‑of‑distribution (OOD) samples. C-Score assesses training behavior across prediction, feature representation, and optimization, using metrics such as PLE, CCI, Sem‑Drift, and Grad‑Align. Experiments on CIFAR‑10 and CIFAR‑100 with various OOD sources show that C‑Score detects hidden degradation that clean accuracy alone fails to reveal, highlighting the need for internal diagnostic signals in SSL robustness assessment.

arXiv Machine Learning
Jul 21

AOE: Exhaustive Out-of-Distribution Detection via Recalibrating Outlier Labels

arXiv:2605. 28021v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is essential for deploying machine learning models in open-world and safety-critical scenarios, where test inputs may deviate from the training distribution and overconfident predictions on unknown samples can lead to unreliable decisions.

By Fengqiang Wan, Qing-Yuan Jiang, Fu Shen, Yang Yang
arXiv Machine Learning
Jul 21

MTSSL: Meta-Thresholding Semi-Supervised Learning

arXiv:2607. 16363v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: A large body of Semi-supervised Learning~(SSL) algorithms encounter the threshold $\tau$ to select pseudo-labels.

By Shuyang Liu, Ziang Zeng, Ruiqiu Zheng, Jiazheng Wang, Zechen Liu, Wenxi Li, Zhou Yu
arXiv Machine Learning
6d ago

Classifier-Dependent Benefits of Pseudo-Labeling for Semi-Supervised Android Malware Attribution

The study evaluates pseudo‑labeling for semi‑supervised learning on Android malware attribution using six classifiers. Results show that the benefit of SSL varies strongly by classifier: SVM gains the most, LightGBM improves modestly, and Random Forest can be harmed at low label ratios. The approach particularly helps hard‑to‑classify families and achieves near‑optimal performance with about 800 labeled samples.

By Md Rafid Islam, Zahid Hasan, Hafiz Abdur Rahman