The paper presents a controlled comparison of six retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) strategies for scientific question answering on a large arXiv corpus. All pipelines use the same LLM generator and evaluation protocol, differing only in retrieval design—ranging from classic dense retrieval to late‑interaction methods like ColBERTv2. The authors also release a synthetic question dataset and code to enable reproducible, large‑scale evaluation of RAG trade‑offs.
By Bhagyesh Rathi, Eshan Chawla, William B. Andreopoulos
The study investigates how document segmentation and chunk representation affect retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) for chemistry texts. Using the ChemQuests corpus, the authors benchmark 41 embedding models and evaluate them across five chunking strategies, seven chunk sizes, and various overlap settings. They find that embedding choice has the largest impact, with models like E5, BGE, and Nomic performing best, and recommend medium-to-large chunks with fixed-token, recursive-token, or hierarchical-section chunking and low overlap for effective chemistry-aware RAG.
By Mahmoud Amiri, Thomas Bocklitz
arXiv:2604. 00715v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) improves language model (LM) performance by providing relevant context at test time for knowledge-intensive situations.
By Karan Singh, Michael Yu, Varun Gangal, Zhuofu Tao, Sachin Kumar, Emmy Liu, Steven Y. Feng
arXiv:2609.37469v1 Announce Type: cross
Abstract: Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) grounds large language models in external sources, but retrieved passages often name the right entities without...
By Suting Chen, Peichun Hua, Yunming Xiao
DynaKRAG is a unified framework that learns a state‑conditioned policy to control evidence acquisition in multi‑hop retrieval‑augmented generation. It uses a deterministic validity layer to build an action set, a learned continuation gate to decide between generating an answer or gathering more evidence, and an advantage scorer to rank evidence operations by predicted gain. Across HotpotQA, 2Wiki, and MuSiQue with various backbone models, DynaKRAG achieves top EM and F1 scores, improves token and retrieval efficiency, and enables terminal evidence compression that reduces context size while boosting answer quality.
By Chenyu Zhou, Yaqi Wu, Xiaolei Guo, Jiaqi Huang, Xianfa Zhang, Junxu Zhang, Zhuo Yu, Zhubo Shi, Jianghao Lin, Dongdong Ge
arXiv:2608. 03860v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We introduce SciRet, a compute-aware empirical study of retrieval-augmented generation for scientific question answering over CORD-19.
By Kaysarul Anas Apurba, Md. Hasibul Hasan, Rofiqul Alam Shehab, Asab Azad
arXiv:2605. 03344v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has proven effective for knowledge-intensive tasks, but is widely believed to offer limited benefit for reasoning-intensive problems such as math and code generation.
By Negar Arabzadeh, Wenjie Ma, Sewon Min, Matei Zaharia
The paper surveys recent advances in Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG), a technique that integrates external retrieval into language model generation to reduce hallucinations and keep knowledge current. It introduces a four‑axis taxonomy—efficiency, defense, interactivity, and reasoning—to organize contemporary RAG research, covering retrieval methods, fusion strategies, embedding optimizations, and reinforcement learning policies. The survey also reviews evaluation practices, domain‑specific applications, and architectural variants, while highlighting ongoing challenges such as retrieval quality, reliability, domain adaptation, scalability, and explainability.
By Meghana Sunil, Shravya V, Shravan Venkatraman, Joe Dhanith PR
arXiv:2608. 15056v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Multimodal retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems often rely on long unstructured contexts or aggressively expanded evidence graphs, which can introduce noisy evidence, weaken multi-hop reasoning, and increase unsupported generation.
By Zafar Ali, Asad Khan, Aalia Malik, Pavlos Kefalas
arXiv:2607. 08284v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated rapidly improving long-context capabilities, prompting a wave of benchmarks designed to evaluate them.
By Siddhartha Jain, Ameya Velingker
arXiv:2607. 10562v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Evaluating the multi-hop reasoning capabilities of large language models remains a significant challenge.
By JungMin Yun, JuneHyoung Kwon, YoungBin Kim
arXiv:2509. 21028v4 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We introduce SciTrek, a synthetic question-answering dataset for assessing and improving long-context numerical reasoning in large language models (LLMs).
By Miao Li, Alexander Gurung, Irina Saparina, Mirella Lapata