arXiv Machine Learning

PermuFormer: Multi-Task Pretraining for Permutation Representation in Algebraic Combinatorics

arXiv AI

Oct 2

Not Too Hard, Not Too Easy: Learning from Intermediate States for LLM Structured Reasoning

arXiv:2609.33149v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: A common principle of effective learning is to practice material that is neither already mastered nor too difficult to permit progress. We ask how...

By Hongbo Chen, Guohua Lu, Ting Dang, Hong Jia

llms fine-tuning

arXiv Machine Learning

Jun 4

Can Large Language Models Generalize Procedures Across Representations?

arXiv:2602. 03542v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are trained and tested extensively on symbolic representations such as code and graphs, yet real-world user tasks are often specified in natural language.

By Fangru Lin, Valentin Hofmann, Xingchen Wan, Weixing Wang, Zifeng Ding, Anthony G. Cohn, Janet B. Pierrehumbert

llms reinforcement-learning

arXiv AI

Jul 29

Penelope: Localized Latent Recurrence for Efficient Structured Reasoning

arXiv:2607. 25915v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Complex structured reasoning tasks often require additional computation, yet current language models obtain it mainly by increasing parameter scale or by serializing intermediate steps as chain-of-thought (CoT) tokens.

By Yutong Chen, Shouqian Shi, Xinran Liu, Haochen Wang, Jiaying Wang, Tianxing Xu, Yuanxi Wang, Zirui Ding

llms diffusion efficiency benchmarks

arXiv Machine Learning

Oct 3

The Missing Primitive: Diagnosing and Repairing Mathematical Reasoning in Large Language Models

arXiv:2610. 02191v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: While Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated striking capabilities on frontier mathematical problems, it remains unclear whether they possess the structural mathematical understanding underlying their solutions.

By Shuo Xing, Zilin Dai, Chengyuan Qian, Fangzhou Lin, Wenjing Chen, Ping He, Pan Lu, Alvaro Velasquez, Mohit Bansal, Zhengzhong Tu

llms efficiency benchmarks

arXiv AI

Jul 1

From Search to Synthesis: Training LLMs as Zero-Shot Workflow Generators

arXiv:2606. 30704v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) excel across a wide range of tasks, yet their instance-specific solutions often lack the structural consistency needed for reliable deployment.

By Gan Luo, Zihan Qin, Bin Dong, Wotao Yin

llms nlp reinforcement-learning fine-tuning benchmarks

arXiv AI

Jun 16

Tyler: Typed Latent Reasoning for Language Models -- When to Think, What to Compute, and How Much to Allocate

arXiv:2606. 16360v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting improves reasoning in large language models (LLMs) by externalizing intermediate computation as discrete text tokens, but this textual interface also introduces redundancy and inference overhead.

By Hanyu Lin, Min Cai, Jiawei Wen, Haodi Zhang

llms

arXiv Machine Learning

Aug 21

Transformer See, Transformer Do: Copying as an Intermediate Step in Learning Analogical Reasoning

arXiv:2604. 06501v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Analogical reasoning is a hallmark of human intelligence, enabling us to solve new problems by transferring knowledge from one situation to another.

By Philipp Hellwig, Willem Zuidema, Claire E. Stevenson, Martha Lewis

llms safety

arXiv AI

Sep 15

NeuroProlog: Multi-Task Fine-Tuning for Neurosymbolic Mathematical Reasoning via the Cocktail Effect

arXiv:2603.02504v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) achieve strong performance on natural language tasks but remain unreliable in mathematical reasoning, frequently gener...

By Pratibha Zunjare, Michael Hsiao

llms fine-tuning safety

arXiv AI

Oct 21

CHIMERA: Compact Synthetic Data for Generalizable LLM Reasoning

arXiv:2603.00889v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) have exhibited remarkable reasoning capabilities, largely enabled by supervised fine-tuning (SFT)- and reinforce...

By Xinyu Zhu, Yihao Feng, Yanchao Sun, Xianzhi Du, Pingzhi Li, Olli Saarikivi, Yun Zhu, Yu Meng

llms reinforcement-learning fine-tuning benchmarks

arXiv AI

Aug 5

On the Limits of Layer Pruning for Generative Reasoning in Large Language Models

arXiv:2602. 01997v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Recent work has shown that layer pruning can effectively compress large language models (LLMs) while retaining strong performance on classification benchmarks, often with little or no finetuning.

By Safal Shrestha, Anubhav Shrestha, Minwu Kim, Aadim Nepal, Keith Ross

llms fine-tuning efficiency benchmarks

arXiv AI

Jul 8

PluraMath: Extending Mathematical Reasoning Evaluation Beyond High-Resource Languages

arXiv:2607. 05992v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Mathematical reasoning has become a central task for evaluating and tuning reasoning Large Language Models (LLMs), yet existing benchmarks remain heavily biased toward high-resource languages, with English and Chinese dominating both pre-training corpora and evaluation suites.

By Daryna Dementieva, Nikolay Babakov, Kathy H\"ammerl, Ilseyar Alimova, Jind\v{r}ich Libovick\'y, Shu Okabe, Miras Baisbay, Lukas Edman, Abrorkhon Inomkhujaev, Antonia Karamolegkou, Mateusz Lango, Volkan \"Ozer, Nikola Selic, Subhankar Swain, Tsedeniya Kinfe Temesgen, Galit Bary Weisberg, Alexander Fraser

llms benchmarks

arXiv AI

Sep 23

Construting Reverse Thinking: Developing Large Language Models' Reverse Thingking Ability

arXiv:2609.24760v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: When facing complex problems, humans tend to try various ideas for different issues. Human thinking patterns exhibit remarkable flexibility in adapting...

By Xin Liu, Yunhai Li, Chunfu Jia, Ziliang Chen, Jisen Song

llms fine-tuning

Related stories