SharP is a text‑generation framework that uses both hard and soft prompts to guide large language models in creating task‑specific synthetic news samples for low‑resource fake news detection. The method combines structured factual constraints with learned semantic patterns, and employs a boundary‑aware strategy that focuses on classifier‑uncertain areas to refine decision boundaries. Dual objective optimization balances semantic alignment with source data and classifier feedback, aiming to improve robustness and generalization when labeled data are scarce.
arXiv:2601.03981v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: To efficiently combat the spread of LLM-generated misinformation in the news domain, we present RADAR, a Retrieval-Augmented Detector with Adversar...
arXiv:2608. 06732v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recent text-to-video (T2V) generation models enable fake news videos to be synthesized from scratch, shifting the threat beyond cheap fakes assembled from existing footage.
arXiv:2609.20838v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: In this study, we examine how modern LLMs generate and detect fake news under controlled settings across four manipulation scenarios. These are open-en...
arXiv:2609.36850v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Generative content is increasingly entering the production and dissemination of news, transforming fake news from manually fabricated or simply manipul...
arXiv:2606. 04199v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The increasing use of large language models has raised concerns about the spread of AI-generated fake news, particularly under varying prompting strategies.
arXiv:2606.18389v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) have become an effective tool for synthetic data generation, including for low-resource languages, where generated dat...
The paper introduces a new evaluation setting called scenario‑level out‑of‑distribution (SL‑OOD) detection for SMS and voice phishing, where entire attack scenarios are omitted from training while the label space stays fixed. It shows that high in‑distribution performance does not guarantee robustness to unseen scenarios, attributing this to scenario memorization. The authors propose ECoG, an evidence‑consistent generative framework that uses evidence‑span supervision and a rationale‑label consistency objective, achieving notable improvements in Macro‑F1, reduced prediction‑rationale inconsistency, and higher token‑level overlap with reference evidence.
The paper introduces MOSAIC, a large adversarial benchmark for detecting AI-generated text, and presents NeuroStat, a new framework that combines token‑level probabilistic logits with deep semantic hidden states from a single language model. NeuroStat fuses these signals via Macro‑State Residual Modulation and uses orthogonal and contrastive losses to learn complementary representations. Experiments show that NeuroStat outperforms existing methods on MOSAIC, achieving superior robustness against adversarial attacks.
The paper introduces MAGER, a multi-agent genetic evolution framework that automatically discovers meta-paths for large language models (LLMs) to reason about fake news propagation graphs. By compressing complex propagation structures into informative subgraphs, MAGER reduces modality mismatch and information overload, enabling frozen LLMs to perform structure-aware veracity reasoning. The authors also propose a graph in-context learning strategy that retrieves semantically and structurally similar demonstrations to enhance classification and reasoning, and report that MAGER significantly improves LLM performance in data‑efficient settings.
The paper introduces FAID, a fine‑grained adaptive framework for detecting implicit hate speech. It first classifies samples into Shallow, Targeted, or Context‑Dependent categories and then applies tailored strategies—prompt‑tuning for shallow cases, knowledge augmentation for targeted ones, and an agentic prompt‑generation system for context‑dependent posts. Experiments on four benchmark datasets show that FAID outperforms state‑of‑the‑art baselines by allocating computational effort only where needed.
CogniDir is an adaptive distributional learning framework designed to improve fake news detection against new psychologically grounded malicious comments generated by Large Language Models. It reframes robust detection as a dynamic data mixture optimization problem, using cognitive psychology to formalize adversarial paradigms and an information‑theoretic score to guide adaptive sampling of training data. Experiments on three benchmarks show that CogniDir achieves state‑of‑the‑art robustness, boosting F1 scores by up to 17.9% over existing baselines under heterogeneous AI‑generated attacks.
The article surveys fake review detection research, focusing on how pre‑trained language models (PLMs) and large language models (LLMs) influence both the generation of deceptive reviews and their detection. It reviews 211 studies from 2018 to early 2026, categorizing methods by evidence source—such as review text, sentiment, rating behavior, temporal metadata, user‑product graphs, multimodal content, external knowledge, and LLM‑generated signals—and by fusion level. The survey traces the evolution from traditional machine learning to PLM‑based and LLM‑based approaches, evaluates performance on Amazon, Yelp, and OpSpam benchmarks, and highlights open challenges including adversarial generation, cross‑domain transfer, uncertainty‑aware fusion, robustness to missing sources, interpretability, and trustworthy evaluation of AI‑generated deceptive content.