arXiv Computation and Language

Can We Still Trust Disaster Social Sensing? Empirical Evidence on Detecting AI-Generated Social Media Posts

arXiv Machine Learning
Sep 25

Agentic Detection of Online Conspiracies

The paper presents an agentic framework for detecting conspiratorial content in social media by inferring the speaker’s intent rather than merely identifying explicit claims. It leverages social context and adaptive tool use, demonstrating superior performance over text-only and non-agentic models on a large Hebrew tweet dataset spanning election cycles and the COVID pandemic. The study highlights the importance of context-aware, reasoning-driven approaches for accurate conspiracy detection.

By Lior Biton, Oren Tsur
arXiv AI
Aug 18

Evaluating Multimodal LLMs across Text and Audio Modalities for Accessible Disaster Assistance

arXiv:2608. 14651v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Effective disaster risk communication is a foundational humanitarian challenge, yet current emergency infrastructure fails to meet the needs of individuals with access and functional needs, including hard-of-hearing individuals, pregnant women, mothers with toddlers, and elderly individuals with dementia.

By Anuridhi Gupta, Samara Mansoor, Hemant Purohit
arXiv Computation and Language
Sep 14

Automated Detection and Structuring of Social Tipping Point Evidence in Climate related Documents: A Modular AI Framework

The paper introduces an open, modular AI framework that automatically detects and structures evidence of social tipping points in climate literature at the passage level. It integrates a DistilBERT boundary splitter, an iteratively augmented RoBERTa classifier, a Mistral 7B rewrite model, a LLaMA 3.2 3B rating model, and a Milvus vector store, all accessible via a Streamlit interface. Evaluation on a GPT‑4.1‑labelled benchmark and expert‑reviewed set shows the splitter outperforms competitors and the RoBERTa detector achieves high accuracy and agreement.

By Kavindu Perera, Mohammad Abaeiani, Ekaterina Gilman, Lauri Loven, Mourad Oussalah, Tassos Kanellos, Beatrice Gobbo, Dante Adami, Nicol\`o Ferriani, Maximiliano Romero, Pierre Rossel, Marc Bonazountas, Christina Deligianni, Nikos Xyderis, Artur Bogucki, Lampros Argyriou, Prasasthy Balasubramanian
arXiv AI
Jul 21

Posts of Peril: Detecting Information About Hazards in Text

arXiv:2405. 17838v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Socio-linguistic indicators of affectively-relevant phenomena, such as emotion or sentiment, are often extracted from text to better understand features of human-computer interactions, including on social media.

By Keith Burghardt, Daniel M. T. Fessler, Chyna Tang, Anne Pisor, Kristina Lerman
arXiv Machine Learning
Sep 16

HUMAID-NER: A Disaster Tweet Dataset for Joint Named Entity Recognition and Event Classification via Uncertainty-Weighted Multitask Learning

HUMAID-NER is the first named entity recognition dataset built on the HumAID benchmark, comprising 60,000 English disaster tweets with approximately 175,000 labeled entity spans across ten operationally motivated entity types. The dataset was created using a reproducible three‑stage hybrid pipeline that combines a spaCy transformer model, disaster‑domain EntityRuler patterns, and structured regular expressions with priority‑based overlap resolution. A joint multitask learning framework using a shared RoBERTa‑large encoder and homoscedastic uncertainty weighting achieves an NER span micro‑F1 of 0.841 and classification macro‑F1 of 0.761, and the authors provide a real‑time web dashboard, dataset, models, and pipeline code for reproducibility.

By Aijaz Ali, Nazish Basir, Sarfaraz Nawaz, Danish Nazir Arain, Haris Ali
arXiv AI
Aug 17

Can We Defend Against AI-Generated Video Attacks on Real-World Crisis Events? A Systematic Evaluation of Detectors, Generators and Social Dissemination

arXiv:2608. 14391v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Recent video generators can fabricate realistic depictions of wars, disasters, public emergencies, and other real-world crises, creating substantial risks of misinformation.

By Shuo Liang, Yixing Ma, Pengfei Zhou, Xingyan Chen, Zihan Mei, Manting Li, Feihan Chen, Zhiwen Wang, Bin Xu, Haotian Zhang, Jiajun Song, Shiya Su, Run Liu, Zhenghang Ni, Yifa Yu, Jintao Hong, Bolong Feng, Yifei Liu, Zirui Zhang, Jingxuan Zhang, Songlin Zhao, Yifan Bai, Kang Tan, Yizhe Liu, Junhao Du, Yongtao Ge, Zhaopan Xv, Xinyuan Zhang, Mengru Ma, Chunhua Shen, Wei Wang, Yang You, Zheng Zhu, Kaipeng Zhang, Wangbo Zhao
arXiv AI
Sep 2

Towards reliable multimodal disaster severity assessment through preference optimization and explainable vision-language reasoning

The paper introduces a two‑stage training framework that combines Supervised Fine‑Tuning (SFT) and Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) to improve multimodal disaster severity assessment. It creates two datasets—ReasoningSet for validated rationales and PreferenceSet for paired rationales—using a single Human‑in‑the‑Loop workflow. Experiments on InternVL‑3‑8B and LLaVA‑1.5‑7B show that SFT boosts classification accuracy and Macro‑F1, while DPO further enhances interpretability and alignment with human judgment.

By Yuanjun Zhang, Fuzel Ahamed Shaik, Suvojit Acharjee, Fahad Khalid, Mourad Oussalah