The paper investigates emotion steering in Moshi, a fully open‑source full‑duplex speech language model, across four emotions. Using mean‑difference activation steering—just a few vector additions per frame and no retraining—the authors find that emotion can be linearly decoded from Moshi’s residual stream, but steering is only partially achievable and uneven: happy, angry and surprise steer toward a shared direction while sad is distinctly steerable. They also demonstrate that the shared component across the three emotions cannot simply be projected away from all emotions equally.
arXiv:2607. 00946v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: While prior work has explored emotion control in hybrid text-to-speech systems, the geometric properties of these modules, and their implications for steerability, remain poorly understood.
arXiv:2602. 03420v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Emotional expression in human speech is nuanced and compositional, often involving multiple, sometimes conflicting, affective cues that may diverge from linguistic content.
arXiv:2609.38157v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Emotion-conditioned text-to-speech (TTS) models may fail to express the requested emotion reliably, and improving controllability by additional train...
arXiv:2610.10415v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Pretrained text-to-speech (TTS) models can generate expressive speech, but reliable inference-time emotion control remains challenging: prompts and r...
arXiv:2608.30325v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Natural-language instructions enable flexible control of synthesized speech, yet emotional TTS systems primarily model a single utterance-level affect,...
SteerDuplex is a full‑duplex speech dialogue model that can be steered along attributes such as tone, persona, speaking rate, and voice style in response to user instructions. The authors introduce a taxonomy of text‑ and audio‑based steerability, identify gaps in existing models, and fine‑tune a Moshi‑based model with reinforcement learning to improve timing and response continuity. They also present SteerBench, a benchmark of 390 spoken prompts and 1,067 human‑authored rubrics, showing significant gains in audio‑steering pass rates and interruption handling compared to open baselines.
The paper introduces EmoVec, a lightweight framework that enables controllable affective generation in large language models by steering latent vectors. EmoVec identifies emotion-specific directions from paired neutral and emotion-conditioned responses using contrastive activation addition, then refines these directions through task-specific debiasing and principal subspace removal. During inference, the refined vectors are injected into the final residual stream with static or scenario-adaptive scaling, allowing continuous control over emotional intensity without updating model weights, and experiments across three LLMs and eight emotions demonstrate improved emotional salience while preserving semantic content, fluency, and coherence.
EmoTra‑TTS introduces a method for smooth intra‑utterance emotion transitions in speech synthesis. It uses a multi‑pass flow blending pipeline, dual‑stage VAD conditioning, and direction‑magnitude decoupled injection to generate frame‑aligned emotional prosody. The system adds only 0.43% more parameters, incurs no latency, and outperforms four state‑of‑the‑art baselines and two commercial systems in emotion transition quality and overall preference tests.
arXiv:2606. 09837v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Emotional interaction is increasingly crucial for conversational AI, yet current systems lack a self-emotion determination mechanism to drive the streaming text-to-speech (TTS) synthesis.
arXiv:2606. 14922v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: For the last couple of years, the field of speech synthesis has improved dramatically thanks to deep learning.
arXiv:2606. 00851v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Empathetic spoken dialogue systems must infer a user's emotional state to respond appropriately, yet everyday speech often carries weak, neutral, or ambiguous affective cues.
arXiv:2610.07647v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Speech becomes less intelligible in noisy environments, and humans naturally adapt their voice to compensate. Inspired by this behavior, we investiga...