The paper surveys wireless foundation models (WFMs), highlighting their role in learning reusable representations from large-scale wireless data for physical-layer tasks. It systematically reviews WFM design components—pretraining, backbone architectures, and downstream adaptation—and categorizes the literature into five task families: signal recognition and demodulation, channel representation learning, RF sensing and localization, beam management, and spectrum sensing and monitoring, including multi-task models. The analysis reveals that while WFMs show promise, evidence of transferability varies across tasks and evaluation settings, and differences in datasets, modalities, architectures, and distribution shifts hinder clear conclusions about effective design choices.
arXiv:2606.10277v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Mobile systems increasingly rely on heterogeneous learning-enabled wireless functions, for which separate taskspecific models incur redundant train...
arXiv:2606. 10277v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Though wireless foundation models (WFMs) have shown strong potential in learning universal channel representations, their adaptation to various downstream tasks remains constrained by existing paradigms.
arXiv:2606. 06373v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Wireless foundation models have emerged as a promising alternative to building separate models for each wireless task.
arXiv:2608. 14694v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Foundation models are emerging as a transformative paradigm for AI-native sixth-generation (6G) wireless networks by enabling scalable, transferable, and data-efficient intelligence across diverse communication tasks.
arXiv:2607. 14975v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Channel foundation models (CFMs) are developing rapidly, with recent studies reporting benefits from pretraining across downstream wireless tasks.
arXiv:2608. 14591v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and wireless communications is widely regarded as a core objective of sixth-generation (6G) systems.
arXiv:2607. 16877v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The increasing complexity of next-generation wireless networks has driven the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into wireless communications.
arXiv:2608. 05076v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Recent advances in machine learning have enabled training of wireless foundation models, which aim to support tasks such as channel estimation, beam prediction, and localization based on wireless signals.
Recent advances in machine learning have enabled training of wireless foundation models, which aim to support tasks such as channel estimation, beam prediction, and localization based on wireless signals. Existing wireless foundation models typically pretrain on channel tensors using masked reconstruction over subcarriers, antennas, or time but ignore the physical characteristics of wireless propagation.
arXiv:2610.09559v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Wi-Fi sensing promises to turn the everyday wireless signals that already surround us into ubiquitous sensors for human sensing. However, a fundamental...
WiNeRF is a neural field framework that learns a spatially continuous, complex-valued wireless channel representation from sparse channel state information collected by commodity WiFi devices. It incorporates system constraints such as antenna geometry, limited spatial resolution, and phase uncertainty through a 3D conical wave sampling model, a multi-resolution implicit scene representation, and a differentiable optimization framework. In diverse indoor environments with non‑line‑of‑sight regions, WiNeRF achieves a median prediction SNR of 5.3 dB, outperforming prior neural baselines by 4.9 dB on average, and produces a task‑agnostic channel representation that can be reused in standard signal‑processing pipelines without hardware or protocol changes.
arXiv:2607. 09798v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Sixth-generation (6G) networks are moving toward AI-native operation, where learning modules are embedded across the radio access network (RAN), edge, and core.