arXiv:2504. 11320v4 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Large language models now serve millions of users daily, with providers incurring costs exceeding $700,000 per day.
By Ruicheng Ao, Gan Luo, David Simchi-Levi, Xinshang Wang
arXiv:2606. 17104v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: As large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in latency- and cost-sensitive settings, inference efficiency has become a central systems challenge.
By Shun Usami, Venkatram Vishwanath, E. Wes Bethel
arXiv:2606. 28565v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: As large language models (LLMs) move into production serving, practitioners must rapidly evaluate inference performance across diverse hardware, models, and serving parameters to meet cost and latency targets.
By Xiteng Yao, Taeho Kim, Hengzhi Pei, Xinle Liu, Kyle Ulrich, Leonard Lausen, Ashish Khetan, Xiang Song, George Karypis, Martin Herbordt
arXiv:2606. 00946v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Efficiently serving large language model (LLM) inference tasks is crucial both for user-perceived latency such as time-to-first-token (TTFT) and for GPU utilization.
By Gangmuk Lim, Wanyu Zhao, Brighten Godfrey, Jiaxin Shan, Le Xu, Liguang Xie
arXiv:2505. 04021v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Inference providers must maintain availability for many LLMs, including low-volume but essential models, making resource efficiency increasingly important as token prices fall.
By Shan Yu, Yifan Qiao, Mingyuan Ma, Yangmin Li, Shuo Yang, Xinyuan Tong, Yang Wang, Zhiqiang Xie, Yuwei An, Shiyi Cao, Ke Bao, Deepak Vij, Xiaoning Ding, Yichen Wang, Qingda Lu, Zhong Wang, Gao Gao, Harry Xu, Junyi Shu, Jiarong Xing, Ying Sheng
arXiv:2606. 00516v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Mixed batching (MB)--interleaving prefill and decode in a single batch--has become the standard scheduling strategy for large language model (LLM) inference due to its efficiency in maximizing compute and memory utilization.
By Weifang Zhang, Yuzhou Nie, Bowen Pang, Guangrui Ma, Shining Wu
arXiv:2607. 05475v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Deploying Large Language Models (LLMs) on mobile devices enhances privacy and reduces latency, but is severely bottlenecked by hardware inefficiency.
By Guanyu Cai, Ruiming Tian, Lang Yang, Zhouhong Ren, Jinliang Yuan, Lingkun Li, Jiliang Wang
arXiv:2511. 04791v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Modern LLM serving systems must sustain high throughput while meeting strict latency SLOs across two distinct inference phases: compute-intensive prefill and memory-bound decode phases.
By Lei Gao, Chaoyi Jiang, Hossein Entezari Zarch, Daniel Wong, Mark Hill, Murali Annavaram
arXiv:2602. 24044v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Large Language Model (LLM) adapters enable low-cost model specialization, but introduce complex caching and scheduling challenges in distributed serving systems where hundreds of adapters must be hosted concurrently.
By Ferran Agullo, Joan Oliveras, Chen Wang, Alberto Gutierrez-Torre, Olivier Tardieu, Alaa Youssef, Jordi Torres, Josep Ll. Berral
arXiv:2504. 08791v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: On-device inference offers privacy, offline use, and instant response, but consumer hardware restricts large language models (LLMs) to low throughput and capability.
By Zonghang Li, Tao Li, Wenjiao Feng, Rongxing Xiao, Jianshu She, Hong Huang, Mohsen Guizani, Hongfang Yu, Qirong Ho, Wei Xiang, Xue Liu
arXiv:2604. 26968v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Key-value (KV) cache memory management is the primary bottleneck limiting throughput and cost-efficiency in large-scale GPU inference serving.
By Sanjeev Rao Ganjihal
arXiv:2607. 10183v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Running large language models on consumer devices such as laptops and desktops is challenging because model weights often exceed GPU memory capacity, making offloading inference necessary to extend effective model capacity with CPU memory.
By Yangyijian Liu, Hongyi Ye, Mingyang Li, Wu-jun Li