arXiv AI

Seeing Through Multiple Views: Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning via Selective Neurons for Consistent Radiology Report Generation

arXiv:2606. 31099v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Recent years have seen substantial advances in radiology report generation (RRG), yet existing approaches predominantly adopt direct feature fusion when handling multi-view X-ray images.

arXiv AI
Aug 5

CARE-X: Towards Clinically Useful Radiology VLMs with Auxiliary Supervision, Reward-Aligned Learning, and Tool-Augmented Measurement

arXiv:2608. 03890v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: A clinically useful chest X-ray system must go beyond fluent report generation: it should classify findings with tunable decision thresholds, localize them spatially, and derive the anatomical measurements upon which many diagnoses depend.

By Mercy Prasanna Ranjit, Anirban Porya, Sathvik Joel, Niharika Vadlamudi, Nikhilesh Chowdary Eathamukkala, Prasanth V V, Abhyuday Kumara Swamy, Pranay Narhari Umredkar, Pradeep Narayan, Vivek Rajagopal, Tanuja Ganu
Hugging Face Trending Papers
Jun 29

SHOVIR: A Benchmark for Evaluating Vision Shortcut Learning in Radiology Report Generation

Current evaluation protocols for Vision-Language Models (VLMs) in Radiology Report Generation (RRG) rely on report-level metrics that measure lexical overlap or aggregate clinical correctness. However, such metrics do not test whether individual diagnostic statements stem from the actual pathological evidence visible in the image.

Hugging Face Trending Papers
Jun 24

Disease-Centric Vision-Language Pretraining with Hybrid Visual Encoding for 3D Computed Tomography

Vision-language pre-training (VLP) holds great promise for general-purpose medical AI by leveraging radiology reports as rich textual supervision, yet existing methods struggle with 3D CT imaging due to inefficient visual backbones and coarse semantic alignment. To address these issues, we propose a tailored VLP framework featuring three key components: (1) a CNN-ViT hybrid encoder that replaces ViT's patch embedding with a 3D CNN backbone to efficiently capture local anatomical details while preserving global attention and compatibility with pre-trained cross-modal priors; (2) a disease-level contrastive learning mechanism using learnable query tokens to dynamically extract disease-specific semantics from full reports and align them with corresponding visual features, thereby disentangling distinct diseases within the same anatomical region; and (3) a diagnosis-aware prompt strategy that employs real clinical phrases and aggregated disease prototypes to bridge the pre-training-inference gap and enhance zero-shot diagnostic reliability.

arXiv Machine Learning
Aug 7

Positive-Unlabeled Preference Optimization For Chest X-ray Report Generation

arXiv:2608. 05341v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Vision-Language Models (VLMs) for radiology report generation are typically trained on retrospective clinical reports, which suffer from omission noise: clinically present findings are left unreported due to the omission of subtle findings.

By Yuta Kobayashi, Pradyun Ramesh, Muhammad Ahmed Chaudhry, Vincent Jeanselme, Judy Wawira Gichoya, Sanmi Koyejo, Kathleen Capaccione, Shalmali Joshi
arXiv AI
Aug 11

Resolution Meets Reduction: Efficient Visual Context for 3D Radiology Report Generation

arXiv:2608. 08713v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Vision-language models offer a promising path toward automating radiology report generation, but applying them to full 3D CT volumes poses substantial computational challenges.

By Jonathan Suprijadi, Raphael Stock, Moritz Langenberg, David Zimmerer, Kim-Celine Kahl, Stefan Denner, Yannick Kirchhoff, Karol Gotkowski, Maximilian Rokuss, Jeremias Traub, Tassilo Wald, Constantin Ulrich, Klaus Maier-Hein
Hugging Face Trending Papers
Jul 27

ClinFusion: A Vision-Centric Multimodal LLM System for Holistic Medical Understanding

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) hold immense potential to revolutionize clinical practice, yet deploying them in the medical domain is fundamentally a vision-centric challenge: models must absorb knowledge from heterogeneous 2D and 3D medical images, and evaluation protocols must align with radiologists' clinical practice and provide an accurate, fine-grained and factualness-driven assessment. In this paper, we introduce ClinFusion, a vision-centric MLLM designed for holistic medical understanding that systematically addresses these limitations.

arXiv AI
Jul 28

ClinFusion: A Vision-Centric Multimodal LLM System for Holistic Medical Understanding

arXiv:2607. 24743v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) hold immense potential to revolutionize clinical practice, yet deploying them in the medical domain is fundamentally a vision-centric challenge: models must absorb knowledge from heterogeneous 2D and 3D medical images, and evaluation protocols must align with radiologists' clinical practice and provide an accurate, fine-grained and factualness-driven assessment.

By Hangjie Yuan, Yichen Qian, Zhiwei Tang, Xianzhe Xu, Lirong Wu, Sicheng Yang, Jinwang Wang, Pengju Wang, Zhitao Zeng, Yizeng Han, Yan Xing, Shengxuan Luo, Tao Feng, Qing Xie, Weigen Yao, Yi Yang, Zuozhu Liu, Jiasheng Tang, Shaocheng Wang, Jitao Wang, Jiahong Dong, Weihua Chen, Feng Xu, Fan Wang
Hugging Face Trending Papers
Jul 21

DobicVLM: Aligning Chest X-Ray Report Generation with Clinically-Grounded Programmatic Rewards via Group Relative Policy Optimization

Medical imaging is a cornerstone of diagnostics, yet automated chest X-ray report generation struggles with structural adherence, anatomical completeness, and semantic faithfulness. We introduce DobicVLM, a vision-language model combining supervised fine-tuning on MedGemma-4B with Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) and clinically-grounded programmatic rewards.