Quantum Tiq‑Taq‑Toe is a popular benchmark for quantum computing and machine learning, yet no reinforcement learning (RL) methods have been applied to it. The paper introduces RL techniques for this game, which is simpler than Quantum Chess but still challenging due to partial observability and exponential state complexity. States are represented by a 3×3 measurement matrix and a 9×9 move‑history matrix of entanglement relations, making strategy development difficult because each move can collapse the quantum state.
By Catalin-Viorel Dinu, Thomas Moerland
The paper investigates the use of variational quantum circuits (VQCs) in hierarchical reinforcement learning (HRL). It shows that a hybrid HRL agent incorporating a quantum feature extractor can outperform classical baselines with fewer parameters, but using VQCs for option-value estimation hampers learning. The study also explores how different quantum circuit designs influence performance and proposes design principles for efficient hybrid HRL agents.
By Yu-Ting Lee, Samuel Yen-Chi Chen, Fu-Chieh Chang
RLLBC-Lib is an educational code library designed to lower the entry barrier for students learning reinforcement learning (RL) in the context of learning-based control. It offers a comprehensive collection of tabular RL methods to reinforce theoretical foundations, followed by a deep RL library that mirrors the same design principles to highlight parallels between simple and state‑of‑the‑art approaches. The library also includes implementations that illustrate core RL principles, contrast RL with other learning‑based control methods, and serve as a foundation for programming assignments with automated grading.
By Bernd Frauenknecht, Emma Cramer, Artur Eisele, Paul Kruse, Lukas Kesper, Jonas Hertrampf, Ramil Sabirov, Jyotirmaya Patra, Johannes Berger, Paul Brunzema, Friedrich Solowjow, Sebastian Trimpe
Reinforcement learning (RL) is an exciting concept as well as a remarkable success story worth sharing. However, RL builds on rather complex interactions between different objects that play out over s...
arXiv:2606. 08276v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Quantum reinforcement learning (QRL) is a promising approach to learn effective decision strategies across several applications with stochastic environments.
By Alexander DeRieux, Walid Saad
arXiv:2608. 02826v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Reinforcement learning is a subfield of machine learning that studies how an agent interacts with an environment in order to extract as large a reward as possible.
By Joao F. Doriguello
arXiv:2606. 30520v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Visual environments are a demanding setting for quantum reinforcement learning (QRL): high-dimensional observations, unstable RL optimisation, and constrained variational quantum circuits (VQCs) are difficult to train jointly.
By Javier Lazaro, Juan-Ignacio Vazquez, Pablo Garcia-Bringas
arXiv:2507. 18606v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Reinforcement learning (RL) provides a principled framework for decision-making in partially observable environments, which can be modeled as Markov decision processes and compactly represented through dynamic decision Bayesian networks.
By Gilberto Cunha, Alexandra Ram\^oa, Andr\'e Sequeira, Michael de Oliveira, Lu\'is Barbosa
arXiv:2607. 01197v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Quantum computing has emerged as a promising computational paradigm for machine learning (ML), with the potential to offer computational advantages over classical approaches.
By Chuanming Yu, Jiaming Liu, Zihao Ge, Xiongfei Wu, Lulu Zhu, Pengzhan Zhao, Jianjun Zhao
arXiv:2607. 09422v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning is well suited to problems with large parameter spaces and exploitable local structure, such as the tuning of electrostatically-defined quantum-dot arrays.
By Edwin De Nicolo, Rahul Marchand, Cornelius Carlsson, Pranav Vaidhyanathan, Natalia Ares
arXiv:2607. 21121v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: In this work, a quantum architecture search framework for approximate quantum state preparation (QSP) is proposed.
By Marco Mordacci, Michele Amoretti
arXiv:2607. 29491v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Reinforcement-learning-based quantum architecture search (RL-QAS) repeatedly optimizes a variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) after extending a circuit, although circuit construction and action legality are deterministic and known.
By Jiayang Niu, Yan Wang, Jie Li, Ke Deng, Azadeh Alavi, Muhammad Usman, Yongli Ren