arXiv Computation and Language

Evaluating LLMs as Agentic Workflow Executors in Real-World Customer Support Skills

arXiv Machine Learning
Jul 31

ClawTrack: Towards Trace-Level Evaluation and Improvement of Real-World Autonomous Agents

arXiv:2607. 28037v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: As LLM-based agents are deployed in complex, multi-step workflows, a critical evaluation gap has emerged: most existing benchmarks judge only final outcomes, unable to distinguish reliable reasoning from lucky success or attribute failures to specific process deficiencies, hindering attribution in long-horizon tasks.

By Xingjian Wu, Xuhang Zhu, Xingchen Liu, Junlin Liu, Jianing Wang, Linsen Guo, Xiaoyu Li, Xuezhi Cao, Xunliang Cai
arXiv AI
Aug 28

AgentJudgeBench: A Multi-Difficulty Benchmark for Evaluating LLM Judges on Agentic Tool-Calling

AgentJudgeBench is a new benchmark that evaluates the reliability of large language model (LLM) judges on agentic tool‑calling tasks involving workflow directed acyclic graphs (DAGs). It contains 3,808 instances across six DAG topologies and three difficulty tiers, tested with five generators (3B–70B open‑weight models and GPT‑5.4) and six judges (20B to frontier scale) under both paired‑with‑and‑without‑ground‑truth conditions. The study finds that judge alignment degrades with task difficulty, ground‑truth exposure can sometimes hurt alignment, and structured evaluation rubrics provide modest improvements, revealing a structural ceiling that model capacity alone cannot surpass.

By Abhigya Verma, Amit Kumar Saha, Seganrasan Subramanian, Sai Harshitha Aluru
arXiv Computation and Language
Aug 31

Benchmarking LLM-as-a-Judge for Long-Form Output Evaluation

The paper introduces LongJudgeBench, a benchmark designed to evaluate large language models (LLMs) acting as judges for long-form text generation. It highlights that long-form evaluation requires complex, document-level assessments beyond simple length, such as organization, coverage, depth, consistency, and scenario-specific quality. Experiments show a significant reliability gap among current LLM judges, indicating instability across scenarios and limited effectiveness of rubrics or references.

By Junjie Chen, Yuxi Dong, Haitao Li, Weihang Su, Yujia Zhou, Min Zhang, Yiqun Liu, Qingyao Ai
arXiv AI
Sep 2

SAGE: State-Grounded, Abstention-Aware Evaluation of Task-Oriented Dialogue Agents

SAGE (State‑Grounded, Abstention‑Aware Evaluation) is a new framework for assessing task‑oriented dialogue agents that focuses on whether each turn correctly advances the workflow state rather than just the quality of the reply. It compiles workflow specifications and per‑turn state differences into schema‑grounded criteria, then evaluates them through a cascade of symbolic rules and encoder/NLI verifiers that abstain instead of guessing, producing a turn‑level decision with an evidence trace. In experiments across MultiWOZ, Schema‑Guided Dialogue, and ABCD datasets, SAGE‑Core—using only symbolic rules and on‑device encoders—outperforms all evaluated LLM‑based judges, including GPT‑4.1 variants, while incurring zero paid LLM cost.

By Rayan Khoury, Shih-Yao Lin, Pratyush Mishra
arXiv AI
Oct 9

Evaluating Local Language Model Agents for Reproducible Data Engineering: An Empirical Software Engineering Study of Mobility Workflows

The study evaluates local open‑weight large language model agents for data‑engineering tasks, using a benchmark of fifteen mobility‑workflow tasks that cover discovery, processing, enrichment, and reporting. Ten local model configurations were tested in one‑shot and closed‑loop conditions, producing 1,500 scored attempts on a consumer‑grade GPU. Results show that models larger than two billion parameters achieve up to 85.3% artifact‑level success, with closed‑loop workspaces boosting pass rates by 26.7–52.0 percentage points, and a quantized 9‑billion‑parameter model reaching 69.3% success with a 6.5 GB memory footprint.

By Jorge Garc\'ia-Carrasco, Javier Sanchis, Alejandro Reina-Reina, Alejandro Mat\'e, Juan Trujillo
arXiv AI
Jun 17

A Framework for Evaluating Agentic Skills at Scale

arXiv:2606. 17819v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Agent skills -- structured, reusable knowledge artifacts that augment LLM agent capabilities -- have been rapidly adopted in industry, yet their cross-domain impact and use across commercial and open-source models remain under-studied, and no reusable methodology exists for evaluating an individual skill.

By Maksim Shaposhnikov, Nicolas Fortuin, Simon Stipcich, Maria I. Gorinova, Amy Heineike, Rob Willoughby
arXiv Computation and Language
Aug 28

Agent Seer: Synthesizing Scenarios from Specification Understanding

Agent Seer is a pipeline that automatically synthesizes realistic evaluation scenarios for AI agents that use external tools, using only the tool’s specification (function names, natural‑language descriptions, and typed parameter schemas). Starting from a single Model Context Protocol (MCP) specification, it enriches raw schemas, generates graded scenarios with synthetic tool outputs, and expands them into mock‑data‑grounded multi‑turn dialogues that demonstrate strong tool‑calling correctness and conversational coherence. Across seven diverse MCP specifications, the pipeline achieves high quality, with parameter‑schema complexity emerging as the main driver of quality variation and argument‑value accuracy identified as the dominant failure mode.

By Harish Karumuri, Mahesh Vemula, David Lopes Pegna