arXiv Computer Vision

RePair: Turning Retrieval Failures into Counterfactual Hard Pairs

arXiv AI
Aug 18

Invariant Pretraining for Robust Code Representations

arXiv:2608. 15412v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Encoder-based code representation models remain widely deployed for discriminative tasks such as clone detection and code classification, where their small size and low inference cost are decisive.

By Yifeng He, Yundi Xu, Christopher Castro Gaw Gonzalo, Zili Wang, Hao Chen
arXiv Machine Learning
Sep 11

Beyond Solver Verdicts: Generative Reward Models for Autoformalization

The paper identifies a new failure mode in neurosymbolic systems called Verdict‑Preserving‑Unfaithfulness (VPU), where incorrect formal encodings can still pass solver checks. It introduces Generative Verification (GenV), a method that uses a language model to produce a continuous reference‑equivalence score without relying on explicit localization. Experiments show GenV+HN achieves high AUROC, generalizes to unseen translators, and improves downstream agent performance by 11.3 points.

By Vikash Singh, Debargha Ganguly, Aman Goel, Ali Torkamani, Xiaoxue Han, Joseph Lilien, Ferhat Erata, Vipin Chaudhary
arXiv Machine Learning
Jun 2

When Hard Negatives Hurt: Bridging the Generative-Discriminative Gap in Hard Negative Synthesis for Retrieval

arXiv:2606. 01304v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Hard negative mining has become the dominant strategy for training retrievers, yet it faces intrinsic limitations: negatives are bounded by corpus availability, selected by retriever score rather than diagnostic value, and increasingly contaminated by false positives as the retriever improves.

By Zhicheng Zhang, Jiwei Tang, Kuicai Dong, Xiaopeng Li, Jieming Zhu, Jingyu Li, Qianhui Zhu, Fengyuan Lu, Wang Jiaheng, Gang Wang, Hai-Tao Zheng, Zhaocheng Du
arXiv Computer Vision
2d ago

CLEAR: Cooperative Latent Flow for Visual Counterfactual Explanations with Accurate Region Preservation

The paper introduces CLEAR, a latent Flow Matching framework designed to generate visual counterfactual explanations (VCEs) that alter a classifier’s prediction while preserving realistic and decision‑irrelevant content. CLEAR addresses two main issues in latent‑space VCEs: opposing update directions between latent generation and classifier guidance, and unintended changes from VAE reconstruction. By decomposing classifier guidance into cooperative and conflicting components and selectively attenuating the conflicting part, CLEAR achieves counterfactual quality comparable to image‑space methods while being 2.5× faster.

By Yan Zeng, Changlu Guo, Oskar Kristoffersen, Anders Nymark Christensen, Morten Rieger Hannemose, Anders Bjorholm Dahl
arXiv AI
Aug 24

Explainable Deepfake Detection with Feature-robust Augmentation and Evidence-grounded Explanation Optimization

Explainable Deepfake Detection with Feature-robust Augmentation and Evidence-grounded Explanation Optimization proposes a new framework that improves deepfake detection and interpretability. The approach introduces Feature-robust Augmentation—diversified degradation-aware strategies combined with supervised contrastive learning and a mean-teacher architecture—to maintain accuracy on low-quality images. For explanations, it employs evidence-grounded preference optimization, guiding the model to focus on genuine manipulation traces by learning from chosen-rejected explanation pairs that omit evidence or inject irrelevant details. The method achieved first place in the ACM Multimedia 2026 Explainable Deepfake Detection Challenge and is publicly available on GitHub.

By Zhu Xu, Jiaqi Tang, Pokai Chen, Yuxin Peng, Yang Liu
arXiv AI
Jun 24

Evaluating the Interpretability of Sparse Autoencoders with Concept Annotations

arXiv:2606. 24716v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Sparse autoencoders (SAEs) are increasingly used to extract interpretable concepts from vision and vision language models, yet existing evaluation methods largely rely on proxy metrics or qualitative inspection rather than measuring semantic correspondence.

By Jonas Klotz, Cassio F. Dantas, Pallavi Jain, Diego Marcos, Beg\"um Demir