arXiv AI

iBrain: A Unified Foundation Model Reading the Brain from Surface to Spikes

arXiv Machine Learning
Oct 22

BrainCodes: A Lightweight EEG Foundation Model over Discrete Neural Codes

BrainCodes is a lightweight EEG foundation model that uses a quantization-based neural tokenizer and a spatiotemporal encoder to learn transferable EEG features from over 800 hours of data across more than 1,000 participants. The model is pretrained with a self‑supervised objective that encourages spatial connectivity and sensitivity to narrowband neural oscillations, enabling it to match or surpass state‑of‑the‑art performance on tasks such as sleep staging, attention assessment, and cognitive load estimation. It achieves these results while using up to 97% fewer trainable parameters, making it suitable for low‑resource wearable devices, and its evaluation framework analyzes the geometry and invariances of the learned representations.

By Kleanthis Avramidis, Ivan Tashev, Dimitra Emmanouilidou
arXiv Machine Learning
Aug 4

SingLEM: Single-Channel Large EEG Model

arXiv:2509. 17920v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Current deep learning models for electroencephalography (EEG) are often task-specific and depend on large labeled datasets, limiting their adaptability.

By Jamiyan Sukhbaatar, Satoshi Imamura, Ibuki Inoue, Shoya Murakami, Kazi Mahmudul Hassan, Seungwoo Han, Ingon Chanpornpakdi, Toshihisa Tanaka
arXiv Machine Learning
Oct 15

NeuroDETR: Multiscale Discrete Spatiotemporal Tokenization for Asynchronous EEG Event Detection

NeuroDETR is a novel multiscale discrete spatiotemporal tokenization framework designed for asynchronous EEG event detection. It combines structured tokenization, event-aware feature refinement, and a sparse attention module called FOCAL to capture both brief and sustained neural responses while preserving spatial hierarchy across EEG channels. Experiments on eight diverse EEG datasets show that NeuroDETR achieves state‑of‑the‑art performance in jointly classifying events and estimating their onsets and offsets.

By Yaozhi Wen, Kun Zhao, Wei Wei, Haoyang Chen, Kangning Wang, Yi Sun, Shaowei Gu, Dingkun Liu, Shuang Qiu, Huiguang He
arXiv Machine Learning
Oct 22

BrainPro: Process-conditioned Pretraining with Topographic Retrieval for Large EEG Models

BrainPro is a process‑conditioned self‑supervised pretraining framework for large EEG models that addresses two underexplored challenges: the underuse of mental‑process cues in masked pretraining and the variability of electrode montages across datasets. It maps dataset‑specific montages to a universal channel‑region template, retrieves spatial filters to create a topographically aligned basis, and learns a shared encoder along with process‑specific branches conditioned on protocol cues. Experiments on nine public BCI benchmarks show that BrainPro outperforms baselines, with ablations indicating that topographic retrieval and process‑conditioned representation learning jointly enhance EEG decoding.

By Yi Ding, Muyun Jiang, Weibang Jiang, Shuailei Zhang, Xinliang Zhou, Chenyu Liu, Shanglin Li, Yong Li, Cuntai Guan