arXiv Computation and Language

Understanding Errors in LLM-Based Question Answering over Imperfect Tables

arXiv AI
Aug 18

ACTS-SQL: Agentic and Critic-Oriented Tree-Structured SQL Correctness with Large Language Models

arXiv:2608. 15145v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) have been increasingly adopted in Text-to-SQL systems, yet SQL errors remain a major obstacle in real-world Text-to-SQL inference pipelines.

By Xinmei Huang, Jie Song, Peng Li, Fuxin Jiang, Jing Zhang, Tieying Zhang, Jianjun Chen, Chenming Liu, Tao Yang, Maoyin Liu, Wenda Li, Hong Chen, Cuiping Li
arXiv Machine Learning
Sep 18

Measurement Under Selection: Decoy-Calibrated Failure Audits for Language Models

The paper introduces Janus, a method for validating error patterns in language models by comparing error rates across predefined yes/no properties and using shuffled decoy labels to set significance thresholds. Janus requires that a pattern’s error difference surpasses the decoy-derived threshold and is replicated on held‑out data before reporting. Experiments on a controlled code‑finding task confirm several meaningful error patterns, while on MuSiQue and LongBench v2 Janus reports no confirmed patterns for the tested properties, contrasting with standard shuffling tests that sometimes confirm patterns.

By Vyzantinos Repantis, Ameya Gawde, Harshvardhan Singh
arXiv Computation and Language
Aug 27

Trace Integrity for LLM Data Agents: A Vision for Auditable Structured Reasoning in Real-World Systems

The paper argues that answer accuracy alone is insufficient for evaluating large language model (LLM) data agents, especially in structured-data tasks where a correct answer can be produced by an invalid trace. It introduces Trace Integrity as a reliability criterion that ensures the computation behind an answer is explicit, executable, schema-valid, operator-faithful, replayable, answer-consistent, and auditable. The authors operationalize this concept with execution contracts and present the CAIT (Correct Answer / Invalid Trace) Rate to quantify how often answer-only evaluations mistakenly reward unsupported outputs, demonstrating that accuracy, trace validity, and silent-failure risk are distinct signals.

By Srimonti Dutta, Akshata Kishore Moharir
arXiv AI
Jun 9

REFLECT: Intervention-Supported Error Attribution for Silent Failures in LLM Agent Traces

arXiv:2606. 09071v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language model (LLM) agents now solve complex tasks through long plan-and-execution traces, yet the ability to locate errors in a completed traces still lags far behind, especially in the \emph{silent failure} regime.

By Xiaofeng Lin, Yingxu Wang, Tung Sum Thomas Kwok, Daniel Guo, Sahil Arun Nale, Charles Fleming, Guang Cheng
arXiv AI
Sep 4

TabScope: Question-Adaptive Scope Selection for Table Question Answering

TabScope introduces a question‑adaptive framework for table question answering that dynamically chooses between localized and full‑table reasoning. It constructs question‑specific sub‑tables via operation‑aware decomposition and predicts the question type to select the appropriate reasoning mode. Experiments on WikiTQ and the new SLQA benchmark show that localization improves lookup and local reasoning questions, while adaptive selection yields the best overall performance on long tables.

By Yuxiang Wang, Junhao Gan, Jianzhong Qi
arXiv Computation and Language
Aug 27

From Passive Response to Proactive Correction: Enhancing LLM Robustness Against Input Fact Perturbations

The paper introduces DEDUCE, a three‑stage framework that turns large language models into proactive error correctors by detecting input fact errors, devising correction strategies, and delivering reliable answers. It also presents MisFactQA, a dataset of factual errors, and new metrics for robustness evaluation. Experiments on TruthfulQA, FalseQA, and MisFactQA show significant gains in accuracy and error correction across Qwen, LLaMA, and Gemma models.

By Ping Wang, Xiangguo Sun, Bingbing Xu, Guocong Li, Xiaofeng Meng