arXiv:2610.22688v1 Announce Type: cross
Abstract: Large language model agents must discover relevant tools from large libraries, e.g., thousands of tools, as new needs arise during task execution. Wh...
By Anna Mazhar, Seiji Maekawa, Nikita Bhutani
arXiv:2512.24565v4 Announce Type: replace
Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly serving as autonomous agents, and their utilization of external tools via the Model Context Protocol...
By Zixiang Liu, Wenrui Liu, Elsie Dai, Wenhan Yu, Lei Yu, Tong Yang, Jinjun Han, Hong Gao
The paper introduces BenchAgent, a framework for evaluating multi‑agent large language model (LLM) workflows against a single‑agent baseline, BenchAgent Core. Using GPT‑4.1 across ten reasoning, coding, and tool‑use benchmarks, the study compares six multi‑agent configurations, finding that EvoAgent achieves the highest mean pooled accuracy (79.70%) while other agents lag by 1.71–8.76 percentage points. The analysis also highlights trade‑offs in token consumption and accuracy, offering guidance for selecting and optimizing LLM multi‑agent workflows.
By Yuhang Fu, Ruishan Fang, Jiaqi Shao, Huiyu Zheng, Zhengtao Zhu, Bing Luo, Zhenyu Wen, Tao Lin
Hybrid Semantic Tool Discovery for Enterprise MCP Gateway presents SCOUT, a system that addresses two major challenges in large language model (LLM) agent tool usage: a context‑engineering bottleneck and a tool discoverability barrier. SCOUT reframes tool exposure as a context‑selection problem, injecting only relevant tools into the model’s context window and providing two MCP meta‑tools—tool_search and execute_tool—to perform hybrid retrieval via BM25 and dense vector search. In production at PayPal, SCOUT cuts MCP tool‑token consumption by 99%, dramatically reducing per‑query inference cost while remaining model‑agnostic and requiring no client‑side changes.
By Olympia Saha, Amy Wang, Srinivasan Manoharan
Toollery is a training‑free framework that compresses candidate lists for large language model agents, enabling efficient selection from thousands of skills and tools. It generates user‑intent queries from each skill or tool specification, builds a retrieval index, and limits online selection to a compact top‑k set before the LLM makes its final decision. Evaluations on the SkillRouter benchmark, BFCL‑V4, and a proprietary smart‑cockpit dataset show that Toollery improves recall and end‑to‑end selection while keeping selection costs bounded.
By Xiangxi Tian, Ran Guan
arXiv:2606. 15508v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Tool-augmented large language model agents increasingly operate over large tool libraries, but existing evaluations often focus on whether a model can call a tool correctly rather than how the visible tool menu shapes reliability, efficiency, and safety-relevant risk exposure.
By Rahul Suresh Babu, Laxmipriya Ganesh Iyer
RideWay is a new benchmark that evaluates ride‑hailing language agents not just on task completion but on interaction efficiency. It introduces the Efficiency Utility metric, which penalizes agents for excessive tool calls and user‑facing turns relative to a task‑specific reference effort, with human preferences used to calibrate the penalties. Across 58 tasks and 24 models, the metric shows that extra dialogue is penalized more heavily than extra tool use, and it achieves high accuracy in distinguishing trajectories that differ in turns but struggles when differences are only in tool calls.
By Qingnuan Han, Boli Fang, Mingzhi Hou, Claire Liu
arXiv:2607. 27083v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: As LLM agents increasingly depend on diverse external services such as search engines, databases, and connectors, agent harnesses face a fundamental tool-selection challenge: acquiring too few tools leaves the task under-informed, while too many adds cost, context load, and privacy exposure.
By Yicheng Feng, Yan Zhang, Yan Cheng, Wei Qi
arXiv:2609.06059v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: As large language models evolve from question-answering systems into general-purpose agents, evaluation must move beyond static answer correctness to a...
By Yu Liu, Zhilin Liu, Zhiwei Yang, Shaojie Zhang, Zheyuan Deng, Tingwei Huang, Zhenbo Luo, Lei Jiang, Yanbing Liu, Pei Fu
AI agents are usually evaluated by whether they complete a task. In interactive service settings, a successful agent can still frustrate users by asking repeated questions, performing redundant search...
arXiv:2606. 16748v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Current benchmarks for computer-use agents evaluate models in impersonal environments.
By Lawrence Keunho Jang, Andrew Keunwoo Jang, Jing Yu Koh, Ruslan Salakhutdinov
arXiv:2606. 19992v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: In the agentic web era, LLM-based agents increasingly invoke web services as tools, yet most interfaces remain \emph{static endpoints} that poorly express long-horizon workflows with loops, conditionals, joins, and retries.
By Mugeng Liu, Shuoqi Li, Yixuan Zhang, Yun Ma