The paper introduces Imagine-then-Plan (ITP), a framework that lets agents learn by interacting with a learned world model to generate multi-step imagined trajectories. ITP features an adaptive lookahead mechanism that balances ultimate goals with task progress, producing richer signals about future outcomes. Experiments on various benchmarks show that ITP outperforms existing baselines, and analyses suggest the adaptive lookahead improves reasoning for complex tasks.
By Youwei Liu, Jian Wang, Hanlin Wang, Beichen Guo, Wenjie Li
arXiv:2609.38334v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed as agents for multi-step decision-making, yet transfer poorly to unseen environments. World-mode...
By Yuhan Guo, Jinming Liu, Liang Xu, Ziqiang Li, Jianguo Huang, Zhicheng Wang, Hu Zhu, Qiuyu Chen, Yuntao Wei, Xin Jin, Wenjun Zeng
arXiv:2609.05834v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: World models promise a general route to embodied intelligence: learn predictive dynamics once, then reason, plan, and act with them. Increasingly, the...
By Todd Y. Zhou, Daniel Zhang
arXiv:2606. 27483v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language model (LLM) agents have demonstrated strong capability in sequential decision-making, yet they remains fundamentally reactive in long-horizon tasks.
By Xuan Zhang, Zhijian Zhou, Lingfeng Qiao, Yulei Qin, Ke Li, Xing Sun, Xiaoyu Tan, Chao Qu, Yuan Qi
arXiv:2609.39235v1 Announce Type: cross
Abstract: World models offer a promising way to help robots understand how the physical world evolves and plan complex behaviours through imagination. Yet exis...
By Ali Alrasheed, Basim Azam, Naveed Akhtar
The paper introduces the Dual-Latent World Model (Dual-WM), which separates local execution and long-range planning into distinct latent spaces and dynamics models. A new learning method, Long-Horizon Representation Learning with Weighted Rollout (LoRe), supervises predictions at both levels using exponential horizon weights. Experiments on five goal-conditioned visual control tasks show that Dual-WM improves success rates over strong baselines, especially at longer horizons.
By Delin Zhao, Zhengrong Yue, Shaobin Zhuang, Junlin He, Xiaoyu Chen, Zikang Wang, Yuxin Liu, Limin Wang, Yali Wang
arXiv:2606. 15032v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: World models have rapidly become one of the central abstractions in modern AI.
By Yang Yu, Shiyuan Zhang, Yifei Sheng, Haoxiang Ren, Haoxin Lin
arXiv:2610.28945v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Large language model (LLM) agents are increasingly expected to interact with environments and improve their decisions during deployment. However, how a...
By Haori Lu, Tianyu Gao, Yaoyao Liu, Yingying Li
FIRM-WM is a compact pixel world model that separates a goal‑comparable configuration from a 128‑dimensional dynamic fiber, enabling reward‑free visual planning from offline videos. It addresses two key mismatches: aligning planning states with goal images and reconciling factual trajectories with interventional sampling. In experiments, FIRM‑WM achieves high success rates on TwoRoom, Reacher, and OGBench‑Cube while using fewer parameters and faster planning times than prior models.
By Yilun Wu, Yunjian Zhang, Aobo Li, Mujiangshan Wang, Haitao Wu, Aqiang Zhang
SearchWorld introduces a recurrent state‑space world model that couples explicit spatial memory with value‑guided imagination for UAV object search. The model maintains bird’s‑eye‑view exploration and obstacle memory, decodes a task‑aware spatial value layer, and uses a cognition‑action network to improve policy through imagined rollouts without a separate critic. Experiments on UAV‑ON show a 23.8% success rate, surpassing the best published agent (19.5%) and achieving 35.5% oracle success while remaining robust on unseen scenes.
By Yatai Ji, Zhengqiu Zhu, Yong Zhao, Yue Hu, Fanglong Yao, Chen Gao, Pengfei Zhu, Quanjun Yin
arXiv:2606.27806v4 Announce Type: replace
Abstract: Language agents, such as ReAct, Reflexion, and RAP, implicitly predict how the world will change as they plan and act, using imagined state transit...
By Xinyuan Song, Zekun Cai
Reinforced Planning with Latent World Models (RP1) is a novel method that learns to evaluate imagined outcomes via a critic and to improve multi‑step plans through an optimizer trained offline on world‑model roll‑outs. It is the first approach to fully learn plan improvement and can be attached to any pretrained latent world model. In experiments on visual navigation, arm reaching, and robotic manipulation, RP1 outperforms hand‑designed search algorithms, achieving near‑perfect success while using far fewer roll‑outs and running up to 67× faster than the strongest alternative.
By Armin Sommer, Jannik Schilling