arXiv Machine Learning
Jun 10
CodeAlchemy: Synthetic Code Rewriting at Scale
arXiv:2606. 10087v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Pre-training on raw code teaches syntax but provides sparse signal for diverse real-world task formats.
QAQ: Bidirectional Semantic Coherence for Selecting High-Quality Synthetic Code Instructions
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arXiv Machine Learning
Jul 21
Efficient Sequential Evaluation of Large Language Models
arXiv:2607. 17409v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We study the problem of sequentially evaluating a new large language model (LLM) on a fixed question set using historical performance data from prior LLMs.
arXiv Machine Learning
Jul 24
DataPrep-Bench: Benchmarking LLMs as Training Data Preparators
arXiv:2607. 20465v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The quality of training data fundamentally determines the capabilities of large language models (LLMs), yet no unified benchmark exists to measure how well LLMs, agents, and data-centric workflows actually prepare training data end to end.
arXiv AI
Jul 28
Loong: Synthesize Long Chain-of-Thoughts at Scale through Verifiers
arXiv:2509. 03059v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown that their reasoning capabilities can be significantly improved through Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Reward (RLVR), particularly in domains like mathematics and programming, where ground-truth correctness can be automatically evaluated.
arXiv Machine Learning
5d ago
CoHyDE: Iterative Co-Training of LLM Rewriter & Dense Encoder for Tool Retrieval
CoHyDE is an iterative co‑training framework that jointly trains a dense encoder and an LLM rewriter for tool retrieval from large API catalogs. The encoder is fine‑tuned with InfoNCE on catalog‑style hypothetical descriptions generated by the rewriter, while the rewriter is preference‑aligned via DPO against the encoder’s retrieval scores. On a 10k‑tool subset of ToolBench, three rounds of CoHyDE outperform the best single‑component baseline by 2.5 pp NDCG@5 on standard queries and 6.3 pp on vague queries, with the largest gains on the hardest vague tier.
arXiv AI
Aug 18
LLMs Get Smarter from Targeted Synthetic Multilingual Data
arXiv:2608. 15964v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Language-specific competency (LSC) is the phenomenon of a language model performing better or worse depending on the language of the prompt.
arXiv AI
Sep 3
SCX Router: Streaming Zero-Shot Model Selection with a Decoder-KV Classifier and a Real-World Task Ontology
The paper introduces SCX Router, a lightweight GLiClass-based model selector that assigns suitability scores to inference-time language models without autoregressive generation. It uses a 0.6B-parameter Qwen3 decoder with a shallow bidirectional scorer, preserving a text-only key–value cache across sessions and predicting task attributes such as type, difficulty, and expected output length. The authors build a comprehensive task ontology with 23 families, 115 types, and 1,173 synthetic examples, generating 150,000 verifier-scored tasks to train the router, which outperforms baseline models on LiveBench subsets with a top‑1 score of 0.707 versus 0.696 for the strongest fixed model.
arXiv Machine Learning
Jun 19
A Critical Look at Targeted Instruction Selection: Disentangling What Matters (and What Doesn't)
arXiv:2602. 14696v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Instruction fine-tuning of large language models (LLMs) often involves selecting a subset of instruction training data from a large candidate pool, using a small query set from the target task.
arXiv Machine Learning
Jul 21
PPL-Factory: Task-Aware and Budget-Aware Data Selection from Language Modeling to Reasoning
arXiv:2607. 18199v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Not all training samples contribute equally to large language model fine-tuning.
arXiv AI
Jun 26
The Capability Frontier: Benchmarks Miss 82% of Model Performance
arXiv:2606. 26836v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Existing benchmarks typically report accuracy for a single model on a single run.
arXiv Machine Learning
Aug 6
From Brute Force to Semantic Insight: Performance-Guided Data Transformation Design with LLMs
arXiv:2601. 03808v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) have achieved notable performance in code synthesis; however, data-aware augmentation remains a limiting factor, handled via heuristic design or brute-force approaches.
arXiv AI
Aug 13
CLAIM: Leading Open-domain Active Clarification of Large Language Models with Uncertainty Measurement
arXiv:2608. 11631v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: In open-domain human-computer interaction scenarios, large language models (LLMs) frequently encounter user queries that are ambiguous or incomplete.