arXiv Machine Learning

Compositional Generalization Requires Linear, Orthogonal Representations in Vision Embedding Models

arXiv:2602. 24264v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Compositional generalization, the ability to recognize familiar parts in novel contexts, is a defining property of intelligent systems.

arXiv AI
6d ago

Beyond Bag-of-Words: Diagnosing Compositional Binding Failures in Vision-Language Models

The paper introduces Auto-Comp, a fully automated, concept-driven pipeline that generates photorealistic compositional benchmarks for vision‑language models. Auto‑Comp creates paired Minimal and Contextual samples for each concept, enabling isolation of core binding abilities from visio‑linguistic complexity. Evaluations across 25 models reveal consistent failures in attribute and relational binding, with context helping relational tasks but hindering attribute tasks due to visual clutter.

By Cristian Sbrolli, Toshihiko Yamasaki, Matteo Matteucci
arXiv Machine Learning
Jul 7

Is Generation Required for Data-Efficient Perception?

arXiv:2512. 08854v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: It has been hypothesized that achieving the data efficiency of human visual perception requires a generative approach in which internal representations result from inverting a decoder.

By Jack Brady, Bernhard Sch\"olkopf, Thomas Kipf, Simon Buchholz, Wieland Brendel
arXiv Machine Learning
1d ago

Beyond Linear Concepts: Discovering and Aligning Non-Linear Concept Manifolds in Large Language Models

The paper extends mechanistic interpretability of large language models by modeling concepts as low‑dimensional non‑linear manifolds rather than linear subspaces. It introduces a concept‑based alignment (CBA) score to compare these manifolds across layers and models, revealing block structures in intermediate layers, a shift from syntax‑dominated to mixed syntactic‑semantic concepts, and training‑dependent multilingual sharing. The study also shows that alignment patterns differ across model families and training stages, with adjacent stages aligning more closely than distant ones.

By Tido Specht, Elias Benedict Krey, Nils Neukirch, Nils Strodthoff