arXiv Machine Learning

Hardware Mechanisms to Dynamically Throttle AI Performance

arXiv:2607. 18069v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: As more capable AI models are increasingly integrated into critical computer systems, the lack of control over AI intent motivates safety mechanisms.

arXiv AI
Aug 11

ArchAgent v2: A Case Study with the Data Prefetching Championship

arXiv:2608. 09874v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Agentic artificial intelligence has shown great promise in automating algorithm design, but scaling similar techniques to computer microarchitecture discovery remains challenging due to vast search spaces, strict hardware budgets, and long simulation times.

By Abraham Gonzalez, Raghav Gupta, Akanksha Jain, Hanna Alam, Alexander Novikov, Po-Sen Huang, Matej Balog, Marvin Eisenberger, Sergey Shirobokov, Ng\^an V\~u, Hank Levy, Borivoje Nikoli\'c, Sagar Karandikar, Martin Dixon, Parthasarathy Ranganathan
arXiv AI
Sep 12

DCO: Dynamic Cache Orchestration for LLM Accelerators through Predictive Management

The paper proposes DCO, a dynamic cache orchestration scheme for multi-core AI accelerators that uses application-aware policies and dataflow information to guide cache replacement, bypass decisions, and thrashing mitigation. Using a cycle-accurate simulator, the authors demonstrate up to 1.80× speedup over conventional cache architectures and validate the approach with an analytical model and RTL implementation. The design occupies 0.064 mm² on a 15 nm process and operates at 2 GHz, showing that a shared system-level cache can simplify programming while boosting performance for large language model workloads.

By Zhongchun Zhou, Chengtao Lai, Yuhang Gu, Wei Zhang
arXiv AI
Aug 28

Pushing the Envelope of LLM Inference with Ultra-Low-Bit Quantized Models

The paper reports the development of 2‑bit microkernels for CPUs and mixed‑precision 2‑bit kernels for Intel Xe2 GPUs, achieving near‑roofline performance. Integrated into LLM inference pipelines, these kernels deliver up to 7× speedup over 16‑bit inference on CPUs and 6.7× on GPUs, surpassing the current state‑of‑the‑art bitnet.cpp runtime by 2.2×. The work demonstrates that ultra‑low‑bit LLM models can be deployed efficiently, offering significant gains in latency, memory, throughput, and energy consumption.

By Evangelos Georganas, Dhiraj Kalamkar, Alexander Heinecke, Pradeep Dubey
arXiv Machine Learning
Sep 11

Phase-Decoupled, Model-Calibrated Power Control for Disaggregated LLM Serving

The paper introduces a phase‑decoupled, model‑calibrated power controller for disaggregated large‑language‑model (LLM) serving, addressing the mismatch between GPU power settings and the distinct hardware regimes of prefill and decode stages. By calibrating separate power caps for each lane based on measured throughput‑latency cliffs, the authors achieve a 20.4% increase in tokens per joule with only a 3.5% rise in mean end‑to‑end latency on an 8‑node B200 cluster, outperforming NVIDIA’s Max‑Q profile. The approach also demonstrates consistent meeting of ITL‑p99 service‑level objectives across multiple MoE models and yields a 32.3% electricity savings over a sustained three‑day run.

By Jae Gon Kim, Donghoon Yoo, Hanyul Ryu, Sungho Ha, Juyeon Lee, Soojung Ryu
arXiv Machine Learning
Jul 7

AdaptiveSD A Stability-Aware, Runtime-Adaptive Speculative Decoding Framework with Multi-Policy Orchestration for CPU-Constrained LLM Inference

arXiv:2607. 03876v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: With the rise of small quantized GGUF-based language models and their increasing use for on-device inference tasks, we have seen the growing need for an approach capable of reliably delivering these models at scale even under severe memory bandwidth constraints such as those imposed by pure CPU implementations.

By Sadra Saremi
arXiv Machine Learning
Jul 30

LLMET: Enabling Cross-Layer Evaluation of Emerging M3D Memories for Energy-Efficient LLM Serving

arXiv:2607. 26491v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The energy consumption of Large Language Model (LLM) serving is becoming a major system challenge as deployment scales, driven by hardware power and thermal constraints and rising electricity costs.

By Ming-Yen Lee, Hanchen Yang, Faaiq Waqar, Harsono Simka, Tushar Krishna, Muhammed Ahosan Ul Karim, Shimeng Yu