arXiv AI

Scaling Qualitative Analysis with Large Language Models: Development and Validation of the Smart Coder Framework for Human-LLM Collaborative Coding

arXiv AI
Aug 3

Agreement Is Not Quality: Blind Expert Verification of Human and LLM Qualitative Coding When Human Consensus Is Not Ground Truth

arXiv:2607. 28890v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Evaluations of LLM-assisted qualitative coding almost universally measure model performance as agreement with human coders, a practice that presumes human coding is the standard to approximate.

By Alex Liu, Lief Esbenshade, Michael Xiao, Victor Tian, Zachary Zhang, Kevin He, Min Sun
arXiv AI
Sep 12

How AI Coders Discuss, Disagree, and Reach Consensus: Challenges and Opportunities for LLM-Based Qualitative Coding

The paper investigates how large language models (LLMs) can perform multi-coder qualitative coding by independently coding, debating, and reconciling disagreements. It quantifies the effectiveness of this approach across diverse datasets, identifying key factors—such as codebook length, data similarity, and agent disagreement—that influence coding accuracy. The study finds that intense, unresolved debates improve accuracy but that LLMs still lack adaptive responsiveness to context, leading to design recommendations for automated coding systems.

By Jeongyeon Kim, John Mitchell
arXiv AI
Jun 9

A Comparative Study of Student Perspectives on Technical Writing Feedback Quality: Evaluating LLMs, SLMs, and Humans in Computer Science Topics

arXiv:2601. 11541v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: To address the scalability of feedback in computer science while mitigating the privacy and cost limitations of commercial Large Language Models (LLMs), this study evaluates a locally hosted Small Language Model (SLM).

By Suqing Liu, Runlong Ye, Christopher Eaton, Bogdan Simion, Michael Liut
arXiv Computation and Language
Oct 7

Agreement Is Not Validity: Cross-Model LLM Consensus in Diagnosing Student Failure Modes in K-12 Math Tutoring Dialogue

arXiv:2610.08703v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: In K-12 mathematics tutoring, student-tutor dialogue provides rich evidence of learners' problem-solving processes and sources of difficulty. Learning...

By Clayton Cohn, Joyce Fonteles, Kirk Vanacore, Gianni Mazza, Candida Crawford, Tom Hooper, Gautam Biswas, Rene Kizilcec
arXiv AI
Jul 8

Prompt Coach: An Empirical Evaluation of an Agentic Tutor for Learning Prompt Engineering in Software Development

arXiv:2607. 06074v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Prompt engineering has emerged as a critical yet undertaught skill for software developers, one that traditional learning approaches are ill-equipped to support given its evolving, interactive, and context-dependent nature.

By Rohit Mehra, Kapil Singi, Vikrant Kaulgud, Vibhu Saujanya Sharma, Swapnajeet Gon Choudhury, Swati Sharma, Adam P. Burden, Majd Sakr
arXiv AI
Sep 7

A Human-in-the-Loop Framework for AI-Assisted Scoring in Large-Scale Writing Assessment

The paper introduces a human‑in‑the‑loop framework for AI‑assisted scoring of short written responses in a large‑scale national assessment. Using data from two recent test editions with about 5,000 student responses each, the authors validate that AI‑generated scores align moderately to highly with human raters across multiple rubric dimensions. The framework includes a correction workflow that flags cases needing human review, thereby reducing manual workload while maintaining assessment quality.

By Mar\'ia Eugenia Curi, Germ\'an Capdehourat, Isabel Amigo, Magdalena Romano, Rosana Serra, Adri\'an Silveira, Andr\'es Peri