arXiv:2608. 16709v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: A radiologist reading a model's output faces two problems.
arXiv:2606. 17710v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Medical vision-language models report strong chest radiograph accuracy, and this is increasingly read as evidence that they use the image.
arXiv:2609.37848v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Biomedical machine learning papers often compress model performance into one headline number. That number can look like a property of the model even...
arXiv:2606. 15910v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: A vision-language model can answer a question about a chest radiograph or a pathology slide fluently and confidently while barely using the image, relying instead on language priors.
arXiv:2604. 08941v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Medical Vision-Language Models (VLMs) answering binary presence questions on chest radiographs can fail in two linked ways: they are confidently wrong, and they change answers when a clinically equivalent question is rephrased.
Med-AR introduces two autoregressive vision‑language models, Med‑AR‑8B and Med‑AR‑2B, pretrained on structured radiology reports, abnormality‑focused text, and region annotations to address long‑tailed chest X‑ray classification. The models outperform existing contrastive, self‑supervised, and supervised encoders—including Med‑CLIP, CheXFound, EVA‑Base, ARK, and BioViL‑T—across PadChest, MIMIC‑CXR, and CheXpert, achieving higher mean AUROC and AUPRC for head, medium, and tail findings and lower excess area under the risk‑coverage curve. Med‑AR also demonstrates improved selective‑prediction performance, with Med‑AR‑8B raising tail‑label mean AUPRC on MIMIC‑CXR from 0.1033 to 0.1441 and Med‑AR‑2B delivering the strongest discrimination on PadChest.
The paper introduces a label‑free method called AURCC for selecting the best foundational model for medical image classification when the target domain lacks labels. AURCC uses a pseudo‑label discrepancy computed by the SUDO framework to score models without fine‑tuning. Experiments on chest X‑ray data across three inter‑hospital shifts show that AURCC closely matches the true model ranking, outperforming simple source‑accuracy baselines especially when source data are limited.
arXiv:2610.00111v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Model judges now supervise multimodal systems at scale, filtering training data, selecting outputs, and supplying the reward that shapes multimodal rea...
Deep-learning models can achieve strong chest X-ray (CXR) classification performance without establishing whether their predictions predominantly rely on pulmonary image content. This study evaluates...
arXiv:2608. 00147v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Vision-language pretraining learns rich medical image representations from radiology reports, but previous model variants commonly operate within a single shared embedding space, so concept-level structure and interpretability must be recovered post hoc, limiting model transparency and, hence, clinical utility.
arXiv:2608. 07550v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Vision-language models return structured chest-radiograph findings through interfaces exposing no confidence score, so a receiving institution cannot read off how far to trust an individual judgment.
arXiv:2608. 16198v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Dermatology models face distribution shifts in teledermatology settings, where submitted images differ from the training data in lighting, angle, distance, focus, and framing.
arXiv:2607. 26333v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Chest X-ray (CXR) machine learning relies heavily on automated evaluation using reference standards that aim to approximate clinical judgment.