Classical reinforcement learning (RL) typically seeks a deterministic policy that maximizes the expected sum of a scalar reward. Yet, modern applications such as language model fine-tuning or scientific discovery demand diversity.
arXiv:2605. 11020v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) is typically formulated as maximizing entropy subject to matching the distribution of expert trajectories.
By Anish Diwan, Davide Tateo, Christopher E. Mower, Haitham Bou-Ammar, Jan Peters, Oleg Arenz
arXiv:2607. 26358v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reinforcement learning (RL) fine-tuning is widely used in language model training to improve model performance on a target task while limiting drift from a reference policy.
By Keegan Harris, Brian W. Lee, Ian Waudby-Smith, Philip Amortila, Nika Haghtalab, Michael I. Jordan
Reinforcement learning (RL) fine-tuning is widely used in language model training to improve model performance on a target task while limiting drift from a reference policy. A standard way to balance this trade-off is via a KL-regularized RL objective, although this formulation does not by itself provide a principled way to set the regularization coefficient.
arXiv:2607. 29246v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Modern large language models (LLMs) are expected not just to answer correctly, but to adapt their behavior to different human values and use cases.
By Ruiming Liang, Yi Zhong, Yizhen Yuan, Yinan Zheng, Tianyi Tan, Tianyue Wang, Haiyun Guo, Jinqiao Wang, Xianyuan Zhan
arXiv:2606. 06673v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Sparse rewards and heterogeneous task sequences remain persistent challenges in Reinforcement Learning (RL), often resulting in slow convergence, weak generalization, and inefficient exploration.
By Ujjwal Bhatta, Utsabi Dangol, Sumaly Bajracharya, Rodrigue Rizk, KC Santosh
arXiv:2505. 15201v5 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Reinforcement Learning (RL) algorithms sample multiple n>1 solution attempts for each problem and reward them independently.
By Christian Walder, Deep Karkhanis
arXiv:2503. 00539v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) has evolved to be one of the main methods for fine-tuning large language models (LLMs).
By Debmalya Mandal, Paulius Sasnauskas, Goran Radanovic
arXiv:2607. 08647v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: As autonomous agents are increasingly deployed across diverse operational contexts, aligning their behavior with human intent demands reward functions that remain robust to such changes rather than overfitting to any single environment.
By Ali Larian, Qian Lin, Chang Zong Wu, Daniel S. Brown
arXiv:2607. 26094v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) is the standard approach for aligning large language models with human preferences, but its quality is limited by static, task-agnostic reward models.
By Yunpeng Chu
arXiv:2606. 00151v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: In reinforcement learning (RL), agents benefit from exploration only because they repeatedly encounter similar states: trying different actions can improve performance or reduce uncertainty; without such retries, a greedy policy is optimal.
By Soichiro Nishimori, Paavo Parmas, Sotetsu Koyamada, Tadashi Kozuno, Toshinori Kitamura, Shin Ishii, Yutaka Matsuo
arXiv:2605. 17333v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Reinforcement Learning from Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) typically samples multiple responses per prompt and assigns binary rewards based on individual correctness, yet the collective structure of the group output, specifically the distribution of errors, is largely discarded.
By Wenpu Liu, Yuqi Xu, Weichu Xie, Yongfu Zhu, Shuai Dong, Ziyue Wang, Wenqi Shao, Xiaoying Zhang, Tong Yang, Nan Duan, Jiaqi Wang