ArenaFlow is a hierarchical credit propagation framework designed to improve reinforcement learning for open-ended agent tasks. It uses tournament-based relative ranking to generate trajectory-level rewards and structured reflective evaluation to identify pivotal success steps, reusable strategy skills, and skill usage attribution. The framework propagates advantages to high-confidence steps and maintains a global skill memory, enabling more targeted optimization and reusable skill priors for future exploration.
By Qiang Zhang, Ruixue Ding, Fanrui Zhang, Xi Chen, Boli Chen, Shihang Wang, Yinfeng Huang, Yi Zheng, Pengjun Xie, Kaipeng Zhang, Jiawei Liu, Zheng-Jun Zha
arXiv:2608. 16798v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Agent harnesses have substantially improved performance on long-horizon tasks by coordinating agent interactions with the environment.
By Huatong Song, Fei Bai, Ming Yang, Renyuan Li, Jia Deng, Jujie He, Zhange Zhang, Daixuan Cheng, Yan Xing, Qi Yun, Xuxing Chen, Danyang Li, Feng Chang, Chuan Hao, Ran Tao, Jian Yang, Bryan Dai, Wayne Xin Zhao, Mingjie Tang, Ji-Rong Wen
arXiv:2609.23457v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) is expanding from tasks with well-defined correctness signals, such as mathematics and code, towa...
By Hao Li, Zhengkun Zhang, Gangqiang Hu, Zhen Zhang, Yude Gao, Dai Dai, Jing Liu
arXiv:2509. 21842v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Travel planning (TP) agent has recently worked as an emerging building block to interact with external tools/resources for travel itinerary generation, ensuring an enjoyable user experience.
By Yansong Ning, Rui Liu, Jun Wang, Kai Chen, Wei Li, Jun Fang, Kan Zheng, Naiqiang Tan, Hao Liu
arXiv:2606. 09380v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) has become a leading paradigm for improving the reasoning ability of large language models through outcome-based supervision.
By Han Zhou, Adam X. Yang, Laurence Aitchison, Anna Korhonen, Albert Q. Jiang
ARISE‑RL is a full‑cycle self‑evolution framework that couples a task/rubric generator with a reasoning solver, enabling open‑ended agents to learn via reinforcement learning without relying on gold answers. The generator creates tool‑grounded rubric criteria and rewards itself for producing valid, intermediate‑difficulty tasks, while the solver improves through fine‑grained rubric satisfaction signals and multi‑step reasoning. The framework also introduces Reward‑Gated Self‑Evolution Distillation to selectively distill memory‑augmented policies, reducing distribution mismatch, and it is evaluated on the new ECR‑Bench rubric suite, achieving state‑of‑the‑art performance across all benchmarks.
By Fanrui Zhang, Ruixue Ding, Qiang Zhang, Xi Chen, Boli Chen, Shihang Wang, Qiuchen Wang, Hongmin Zhan, Jinxin Bian, Li xingchao, Peijin Zheng, Hao cheng, Pengjun Xie, Kaipeng Zhang, Jiawei Liu, Zheng-Jun Zha
Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) is expanding from tasks with well-defined correctness signals, such as mathematics and code, toward multifaceted quality requirements specified by...
arXiv:2510. 05592v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Outcome-driven reinforcement learning has advanced reasoning in large language models (LLMs), but prevailing tool-augmented approaches train a single, monolithic policy that interleaves thoughts and tool calls under full context; this scales poorly with long horizons and diverse tools and generalizes weakly to new scenarios.
By Zhuofeng Li, Haoxiang Zhang, Seungju Han, Sheng Liu, Jianwen Xie, Yu Zhang, Yejin Choi, James Zou, Pan Lu
arXiv:2607. 28609v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Computer-using agents (CUAs) are advancing rapidly across the digital world.
By Qiushi Sun, Kanzhi Cheng, Yian Wang, Bowen Yang, Hang Yan, Liheng Chen, Fangzhi Xu, Zichen Ding, Nuo Chen, Jialin Cao, Xingdong Gong, Zehao Li, Kaiming Jin, Xinfeng Yuan, Zhoumianze Liu, Jingyang Gong, Zhangyue Yin, Jiahui Gao, Zhiyong Wu, Tianbao Xie, Jianbing Zhang, Ben Kao, Lingpeng Kong
TripScore is a benchmark and evaluation framework for large language models (LLMs) in travel planning, built from real user logs and calibrated with 1,468 pairwise judgments from 203 travel experts. It uses a hierarchical feasibility gate for format and commonsense checks, and a unified point-wise reward that combines soft quality and preference fulfillment. Experiments show that reinforcement learning fine‑tuning, such as GRPO, consistently outperforms other methods when evaluated with TripScore.
By Yincen Qu, Huan Xiao, Feng Li, Gregory Li, Hui Zhou, Xiangying Dai, Xiaoru Dai, Xuan Huang
arXiv:2606. 12479v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language model (LLM) routing has emerged as an effective paradigm for leveraging the complementary strengths of multiple LLMs through dynamic model and reasoning-strategy selection.
By Qihang Yu, Hanwen Tong, Zhengqi Zhang, Bo Zheng, Feng Wei, Shengyu Zhang, Zemin Liu, Fei Wu
arXiv:2609.00213v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Reinforcement learning fine-tuning of large language models increasingly adopts multiple reward dimensions, including verifiable rules, task-specific e...
By Yu Yuan, Yaoyou Fan, Lili Zhao, Guangting Zheng, Kai Zhang, Lu Pan, Ke Zeng, Qi Liu