The paper introduces REST (REpresentation‑Supervised Thoughts), a new training objective for latent recursive language‑model systems that supplements cross‑entropy loss with differentiable penalties enforcing causality, minimality, separability, and stability of internal thought representations. By applying REST to both single‑agent and multi‑agent setups without changing architectures or adding inference parameters, the authors achieve up to 7.5 percentage‑point gains in accuracy across seven diverse benchmarks and a 30 % improvement in convergence to the final answer. The method also yields more informative latent thoughts, improving interpretability of agent communication.
arXiv:2511. 20639v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Multi-agent systems (MAS) extend large language models (LLMs) from independent single-model reasoning to coordinative system-level intelligence.
arXiv:2606. 27378v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We introduce an axiomatic evaluation framework for latent thought representations in LLMs, comprising metrics that are independent of downstream benchmark scores and reveal representational failures that benchmark accuracy masks.
arXiv:2604. 06374v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Latent reasoning via continuous chain-of-thoughts (Latent CoT) has emerged as a promising alternative to discrete CoT reasoning.
arXiv:2608. 13570v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Latent reasoning has emerged as a powerful alternative to text-based Chain-of-Thought (CoT), offering significant gains in computational efficiency by compressing verbose reasoning into compact embeddings.
Latent Recurrent Thoughts (LRT) proposes a method for reasoning with frozen large language models by operating in the model’s continuous representation space. A small auxiliary network generates initial latent vectors, which a tiny recurrent reasoner refines over multiple steps, decoupling computational depth from model size. Experiments on symbolic and natural‑language reasoning tasks show that LRT outperforms prior frozen‑decoder continuous‑space methods and chain‑of‑thought prompting while using far less inference compute.
arXiv:2607. 28908v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reflection, the ability to revisit and revise prior reasoning, is central to how humans improve their answers.
arXiv:2606. 16360v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting improves reasoning in large language models (LLMs) by externalizing intermediate computation as discrete text tokens, but this textual interface also introduces redundancy and inference overhead.
arXiv:2608. 13667v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: LLM agents in the ReAct paradigm alternate between reasoning, acting, and observing, but deliberate reasoning is confined to the Thought phase: while the agent serializes an action and waits for the environment, its reasoning is frozen.
arXiv:2606. 06252v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recent work moves intermediate reasoning from natural-language traces into latent or cache-level representations to reduce token overhead and avoid a discrete communication bottleneck.
arXiv:2511. 09149v5 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: While natural language is the de facto communication medium for LLM-based agents, it presents a fundamental constraint.
The paper investigates how continuous latent states in large language models can store multiple reasoning steps through superposition. It challenges the intuition that retaining only the current reasoning frontier is optimal, showing that cumulative superposition of the full reasoning history can actually require fewer representational dimensions. The authors demonstrate that this approach preserves more valid evidence, improves downstream outcome discrimination, and delays unreliability, while also establishing that uniform cumulative weighting of memories is minimax‑optimal for future reasoning.
arXiv:2604. 25917v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Recursive or looped language models have recently emerged as a new scaling axis by iteratively refining the same model computation over latent states to deepen reasoning.