arXiv Machine Learning

SCAN: Enhance Time Series Anomaly Detection via Multi-Scale Neighborhood-Centered Clustering

arXiv:2606. 19255v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Time series anomaly detection plays a crucial role in a wide range of real-world applications.

arXiv AI
Jun 12

ASTER: Latent Pseudo-Anomaly Generation for Unsupervised Time-Series Anomaly Detection

arXiv:2604. 13924v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Time-series anomaly detection (TSAD) is critical in domains such as industrial monitoring, healthcare, and cybersecurity, but it remains challenging due to rare and heterogeneous anomalies and the scarcity of labelled data.

By Romain Hermary, Samet Hicsonmez, Dan Pineau, Abd El Rahman Shabayek, Djamila Aouada
arXiv Machine Learning
Sep 24

CAST: Context- and Anomaly Structure-Conditioned Time Series Anomaly Generation

CAST is a framework for generating anomalous time series that addresses the scarcity and heterogeneity of anomaly data. It uses a two‑stage approach: pretraining on abundant normal data to learn system dynamics, then finetuning with anomaly structure representations to capture diverse anomaly morphologies. Experiments on real‑world datasets show that CAST outperforms existing methods in both generation quality and downstream task performance.

By Haochen Zhang, Jie Peng, Songyuan Sui, Yu-Chao Huang, Xiangqi Zhu, Tianlong Chen
arXiv Machine Learning
Sep 23

Can We Predict Anomaly Detection Performance from Embedding-Space Geometry?

The paper investigates whether the performance of anomaly detection systems can be predicted without labeled anomalies. For kNN-based detectors, it derives a lower bound on AUC that links detection performance to the separation and variance of inlier and outlier scores, and uses this to analyze how density variation, intrinsic dimensionality, and domain mismatch affect score variability. The authors introduce pseudo‑anomaly probes that provide a reference for estimating relative score separation, and demonstrate through experiments on DCASE benchmarks that these probes enable anomaly‑free model selection to outperform conventional development‑set selection, especially under domain shift.

By Kevin Wilkinghoff, Zheng-Hua Tan
arXiv Machine Learning
Jun 19

We Need to Rethink Benchmarking in Anomaly Detection

arXiv:2507. 15584v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Despite the continuous proposal of new anomaly detection algorithms and extensive benchmarking efforts, progress seems to stagnate, with only minor performance differences between established baselines and new algorithms.

By Philipp R\"ochner, Simon Kl\"uttermann, Kevin Kammler, Franz Rothlauf, Emmanuel M\"uller, Daniel Schl\"or
arXiv Machine Learning
Sep 22

Clustering-Based Collective Anomaly Detection in IoT Systems: A Graph Neural Network Approach

The paper introduces Unsupervised Graph Collective Anomaly Detection (UGCAD), a framework that uses a variational graph autoencoder to learn graph representations of IoT network traffic and then enhances clustering to group nodes. UGCAD identifies collective anomalies by aggregating normal clusters and applying anomaly scores to the refined groups. Experiments on CICIoT2023 and ToN-IoT datasets show that UGCAD outperforms traditional and state‑of‑the‑art clustering‑based CAD methods in both clustering quality and anomaly detection accuracy.

By Dalila Khettaf, Djamel Djenouri, Zeinab Rezaeifar, Youcef Djenouri
arXiv AI
Jul 2

PaAno: Patch-Based Representation Learning for Time-Series Anomaly Detection

arXiv:2602. 01359v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Although recent studies on time-series anomaly detection have increasingly adopted ever-larger neural network architectures such as transformers and foundation models, they incur high computational costs and memory usage, making them impractical for real-time and resource-constrained scenarios.

By Jinju Park, Seokho Kang