Natural language processing

Classical and neural NLP: translation, question answering, tokenization and the evaluation of language understanding.

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arXiv AI

Jun 30

Bridging VideoQA and Video-Guided Agentic Tasks via Generalized Keyframe Extraction

arXiv:2606. 29445v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Video understanding is a fundamental capability for multimodal intelligence, and recent Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved remarkable performance on Video Question Answering (VideoQA) benchmarks.

By Sunqi Fan, Qingle Liu, Runqi Yin, Meng-Hao Guo, Shuojin Yang

llms agents nlp multimodal benchmarks

arXiv AI

Jun 30

$M^3 QuestionIng$: Multi-modal Multi-span Medical Question Answering

arXiv:2606. 28329v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The growing adoption of AI in healthcare, particularly in preventive care, highlights the critical need for accessibility and precision in Medical Question Answering (MedQA).

By Anisha Saha, Vaibhav Rathore, Abhisek Tiwari, Akash Ghosh, Sai Ruthvik Edara, Sriparna Saha

llms rag nlp multimodal

arXiv Machine Learning

Jun 30

BrainJanus: A Unified Model for Understanding and Generation across Brain, Vision, and Language

arXiv:2606. 30319v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Modeling the bidirectional correspondence between external sensory stimuli and internal neural activity has emerged as a critical frontier in neuroscience.

By Haitao Wu, Qirui Zhang, Zhouheng Yao, Shangquan Sun, Qihao Zheng, Mianxin Liu, Chi Zhang, Wanli Ouyang, Chunfeng Song, Changqing Zhang, Jiamin Wu

nlp multimodal benchmarks safety

arXiv AI

Jun 30

LC-ICL: Label-Guided Contrastive In-Context Learning for Robust Information Extraction

arXiv:2606. 29407v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: There has been increasing interest in exploring the capabilities of advanced large language models (LLMs) in the field of information extraction (IE), specifically focusing on tasks related to named entity recognition (NER) and relation extraction (RE).

By Xiao You, Tianwei Yan, Shan Zhao

llms nlp

arXiv AI

Jun 30

A Comparative Study on Affective Cues in Text Embeddings Across Psychological Emotion Theories

arXiv:2606. 29068v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Text encoders are known for their utility in natural language processing, as they are able to efficiently compress inputs into dense vectors while preserving semantics.

By Fabio Ciani, Harald Schweiger, Emilia Parada-Cabaleiro, Markus Schedl

rag nlp

arXiv AI

Jun 30

Customized Generative AI Agent for Transportation Engineering Practice: A Development and Continued Pre-training Guideline

arXiv:2606. 29014v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recent advancements in generative artificial intelligence (AI) and large language models (LLMs) have shown significant promise in automating complex reasoning, summarization, and question-answering tasks.

By Dianwei Chen (Terry), Yuan-Zheng Lei (Terry), Zifan Zhang (Terry), Yuchen Liu (Terry), Xianfeng (Terry), Yang

llms agents nlp fine-tuning benchmarks safety

arXiv AI

Jun 30

Fine-Tuning General-Purpose Large Language Models for Agricultural Applications:A Reproducible Framework and Evaluation Protocol Based on Qwen3-8B

arXiv:2606. 28992v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: General-purpose large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong abilities in opendomain question answering, information extraction, and text generation.

By Zhaoyang Li, Ruijie Zhang, Jiaqi Liu, Zhaoji Sun

llms nlp fine-tuning safety

arXiv AI

Jun 30

UniMotion: A Unified Framework for Motion-Text-Vision Understanding and Generation

arXiv:2603. 22282v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: We present UniMotion, to our knowledge the first unified framework for simultaneous understanding and generation of human motion, natural language, and RGB images within a single architecture.

By Ziyi Wang, Xinshun Wang, Shuang Chen, Yang Cong, Mengyuan Liu

llms nlp efficiency multimodal benchmarks safety

arXiv AI

Jun 30

Do We Still Need Fine Tuning? Turkish Sentiment Analysis in the Era of Large Language Model

arXiv:2606. 29614v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: This study examines whether supervised fine-tuning remains necessary for Turkish sentiment analysis in the era of large language models.

By Sercan Karaka\c{s}, Yusuf \c{S}im\c{s}ek

llms nlp fine-tuning

arXiv AI

Jun 30

From Word Sequences to Behavioral Sequences: Adapting Modeling and Evaluation Paradigms for Longitudinal NLP

arXiv:2601. 07988v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: While NLP typically treats documents as independent and unordered samples, in longitudinal studies, this assumption rarely holds: documents are nested within authors and ordered in time, forming person-indexed, time-ordered $\textit{behavioral sequences}$.

By Adithya V Ganesan, Vasudha Varadarajan, Oscar NE Kjell, Whitney R Ringwald, Scott Feltman, Benjamin J Luft, Roman Kotov, Ryan L Boyd, H Andrew Schwartz

nlp

arXiv AI

Jun 30

ORCA: Open-ended Response Correctness Assessment for Audio Question Answering

arXiv:2512. 09066v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Reliable assessment of the abilities of large audio language models (LALMs) is essential to advancing the state of the art.

By \v{S}imon Sedl\'a\v{c}ek, Sara Barahona, Bolaji Yusuf, Laura Herrera-Alarc\'on, Santosh Kesiraju, Cecilia Bola\~nos, Alicia Lozano-Diez, Sathvik Udupa, Fernando L\'opez, Allison Ferner, Ramani Duraiswami, Jan \v{C}ernock\'y

llms nlp benchmarks

arXiv AI

Jun 30

Latent Bridges for Multi-Table Question Answering

arXiv:2606. 28916v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We introduce GRAB, a constructor-encoder-bridge pipeline for table question answering.

By Simone Varriale, Tamara Cucumides, Floris Geerts, Paolo Papotti

llms nlp

arXiv AI

Jun 30

How to Train Your Long-Context Visual Document Model

arXiv:2602. 15257v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: We present the first comprehensive, large-scale study of training long-context vision language models up to 344K context, targeting long-document visual question answering with measured transfer to long-context text.

By Austin Veselka

llms nlp fine-tuning benchmarks

arXiv AI

Jun 30

PlantExpertVQA: A Visual Question Answering Dataset for Benchmarking Vision-Language Models in Plant Science

arXiv:2508. 17117v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Existing plant-disease datasets target classification and detection, leaving vision-language models unable to support interactive, reasoning-based diagnosis.

By Syed Nazmus Sakib, Nafiul Haque, Mohammad Zabed Hossain, Shifat E. Arman

llms nlp fine-tuning multimodal benchmarks

arXiv AI

Jun 30

Memory as an Attack Surface in LLM Agents: A Study on Multiple-Choice Question Answering

arXiv:2606. 29030v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: AI agents extend conventional large language model (LLM) applications by integrating language understanding with task execution, external tool use, and memory mechanisms.

By Shahnewaz Karim Sakib, Anindya Bijoy Das

llms agents nlp robotics

arXiv AI

Jun 30

Process Advantage Signal Shaping: A Paradigm-Agnostic Middleware for Process-Supervised RL in LLM Reasoners

arXiv:2606. 29296v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) is a default recipe for process-supervised reinforcement learning of LLM reasoners, and dense process supervision -- via learned process reward models (PRMs) or on-policy-distillation KL signals -- is a common way to densify its otherwise weak outcome reward.

By Chao Wang, Hongtao Tian, Tao Yang, Yunsheng Shi, Ting Yao, Wenbo Ding

llms nlp reinforcement-learning efficiency

arXiv AI

Jun 30

SA-VLA: State-aware tokenizer for improving Vision-Language-Action Models' performance

arXiv:2606. 30113v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Discrete action tokenization provides a compact interface for autoregressive VLA policies, but accurately recovering continuous robot actions from discrete codes remains challenging.

By Tengyue Jiang, Chunpu Xu, Jiayue Kang, Yao Mu

llms nlp robotics multimodal

arXiv Machine Learning

Jun 30

RenderFormer++: Scalable and Physically Grounded Feed-Forward Neural Rendering

arXiv:2606. 30380v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We present RenderFormer++, a scalable and physically grounded feed-forward neural rendering framework for global illumination in mesh scenes.

By Huangsheng Du, Haoran Zhu, Youcheng Cai, Jinyang Meng, Ligang Liu

llms nlp

arXiv AI

Jun 30

Beyond the Reranker: Do RAG Retrieval Enhancements Help Once a Strong Reranker Is Present?

arXiv:2606. 28367v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is routinely extended with methods meant to improve retrieval: query expansion, hierarchical and cross-document summarization, graph-based expansion, per-query routing, rank fusion, and corrective re-retrieval.

By Sadanand Singh, Allam Reddy, Manan Chopra

rag nlp benchmarks

arXiv AI

Jun 30

Granular-ball computing: an efficient, robust, and interpretable adaptive multi-granularity representation and computation method

arXiv:2304. 11171v5 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: To overcome the limitations of point-based inputs, overly fine computation and limited adaptability in existing artificial intelligence methods, Guoyin Wang and Shuyin Xia proposed granular-ball computing as a new artificial intelligence learning paradigm.

By Shuyin Xia, Guoyin Wang, Xinbo Gao, Xiaoyu Lian, Hongzhi Kuai

nlp safety