arXiv Computation and Language
Oct 16

Writability and the Pathway: A Controlled Study of Knowledge Injection into Addressed Memory

The paper investigates how to inject knowledge into addressed memory modules of language models. Using controlled experiments on GPT‑2 and production‑memory tests on Qwen3.8‑Flash‑Next‑FP8 and DeepSeek‑V4.1‑Flash, the authors compare row‑only and row‑plus‑projection updates, with and without fixed module‑residual anchoring. Results show that while anchoring reduces drift, lexical hits do not guarantee entity‑specific retrieval, and first‑token rankings alone do not ensure full answer success, indicating that writable memory is feasible but limited in scope.

By Wei Gao (Shibei Qiyuan AI Technology), Cheng Tian (Shibei Qiyuan AI Technology), Duan Yang (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Jianqing Yin (Shibei Qiyuan AI Technology)
arXiv AI
Sep 10

When Does Memory Help? A Cost-Aware Evaluation of Long-Term Memory in Tool-Using LLM Agents

The paper introduces MERIT, a benchmark that evaluates the marginal benefit of long‑term memory for tool‑using large language model agents while explicitly accounting for cost. MERIT provides episodic tool‑use tasks across three domains, verifies dependence on earlier‑episode facts, and measures memory operations in tokens and dollars. Experiments on GPT‑4.1‑mini, Claude Haiku 4.5, and Claude Sonnet 5 show that memory can significantly improve task success, but its utility varies widely across models and memory implementations, and full replay is rarely cost‑effective.

By Shweta Mishra, Shashank Mishra