arXiv AI
4d ago

When to Intervene? An Empirical Study of Errors and Self-Recovery in LLM Agents

The paper studies when to intervene in large language model (LLM) agents that interact with web services. Using the ReInBench dataset of 1,259 agent traces and 1,403 error events, the authors find that 725 errors self‑recover, often within a few steps, and that self‑recovery can aid subsequent error handling and overall task completion. They propose ReCoF, a predictor that decides whether an error will self‑recover, achieving a 9.02% relative improvement in Macro‑F1 over the best baseline.

By Chiming Duan, Tong Jia, Yingxi Chen, Minghua He, Lingzhe Zhang, Ying Li
arXiv AI
Aug 19

On the Fragility of Self-Improving Agents: Variance, Task Order, and Underspecification

The paper re‑evaluates memory‑based self‑improving agents by adding multiple runs to measure variance and by randomizing task order. It finds that agent performance is noisy in complex, multi‑step environments and that improvement depends heavily on the sequence of tasks, revealing a hidden curriculum effect. The authors suggest that underspecification of tasks and environments contributes to this fragility and demonstrate that adding detailed rubrics and feedback can partially mitigate performance drops, though gaps remain.

By Qinyuan Ye, Yu Li, Yada Pruksachatkun, Jiaxin Zhang, Chien-Sheng Wu