arXiv AI By Salma Roshdy Aly, Hussein Assaf, Ziad Kobti

When Is a Multi-Agent Code Judge Actually Grounded? Two Label-Free Measurements, and a Judge That Declines to Guess

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The paper investigates when a language‑model judge can truly ground its verdicts in code correctness. It shows that current multi‑agent verification methods rely on evidence that is both independent of the answer and distinct between candidates—conditions that fail in code judging. By analyzing two label‑free measurements from the judge’s logs, the authors demonstrate that gating on one measurement allows the system to decline uncertain comparisons, improving accuracy from 20.7% to 36.9% while still answering half of all cases.

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