When AI performs, what remains? An integrative review of generative AI and cognitive capital in individuals and organizations

The article reviews how generative AI influences the long‑term retention of knowledge, skills, and judgment—collectively termed cognitive capital—in both individuals and organizations. It identifies four mechanisms (substitution of practice, scaffolding and feedback, metacognitive calibration, and organizational aggregation) through which AI interaction can either deplete or enhance cognitive capital, and proposes seven evidence‑based principles and five design levers for organizations. The authors argue that cognitive capital provides a multilevel framework for governing AI adoption and call for longitudinal, multilevel research to test their propositions.

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