Transformer to GPT-5: Advancements, Limitations, and Future Directions in Large Language Model Design
Read the original on arXiv Computation and Language →The Flow has not summarised this story yet — read it at arXiv Computation and Language.
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The survey reviews how Large Language Models (LLMs) are being used in High‑Performance Computing (HPC) programming, covering code generation, parallelization, frameworks, evaluation, and broader challenges. It finds that general‑purpose LLMs perform adequately on serial and OpenMP‑style tasks but struggle with distributed MPI workloads, while domain‑specialized models achieve higher accuracy yet are limited in scope and evaluation. The authors argue that LLMs will not replace HPC experts soon but can act as powerful collaborators, provided richer datasets, integration with performance tools, rigorous evaluation, and governance are developed.
arXiv:2606. 07527v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The prevailing paradigm for training LLMs has evolved to rely on a massive post-training phase consisting of SFT and RL.
arXiv:2609.10226v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in reasoning and code generation, raising the prospect that they could assist in...
arXiv:2605. 30407v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong performance on general tasks, while often struggling to adapt to specialized domains without high-quality domain-specific data.
OptSkills is an archetype‑centric agent that learns and reasons about optimization problems using large language models. It clusters problems by underlying archetypes, explores diverse modeling and solver configurations within each cluster, and distills successful trajectories into reusable workflow‑level skills. The system achieves state‑of‑the‑art accuracy on multiple datasets, outperforming prior methods on challenging benchmarks such as MIPLIB‑NL and OOD NLCO.
arXiv:2607. 17624v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Transformers are remarkably versatile and their design is largely consistent across a variety of applications.