arXiv AI By Keisuke Shirai, Tomohiro Motoda, Hanbit Oh, Ryoichi Nakajo, Roman Mykhailyshyn, Ryo Hanai, Shotaro Miwa, Yukiyasu Domae

TOAST: Stochastic Robot Action Tokenization for Autoregressive Vision-Language-Action Models

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arXiv AI
Sep 17

ActionPiece: Rethinking Action Tokenization for Autoregressive Vision-Language-Action Models

ActionPiece rethinks how actions are tokenized for autoregressive vision‑language‑action models by introducing physical rank consistency (PRC) to evaluate relational fidelity of reconstructed actions. The method jointly supervises representation learning and quantization to preserve local physical distance rankings, improving both PRC and policy success. Experiments on LIBERO, LIBERO‑Plus, SimplerEnv, and VLA‑Arena show significant gains over baseline tokenizers.

By Shijie Lian, Bin Yu, Zhaolong Shen, Xiaopeng Lin, Yichao Du, Zhirui Zhang, Laurence T. Yang, Kai Chen