The paper introduces recirculation, an inference‑time architectural enhancement for foundation models that reduces perplexity and improves accuracy on generation and reasoning tasks without adding significant latency. Recirculation adds a specific form of recurrence, enabling the model to function as a dynamical system that tracks belief states, and is distinct from chain‑of‑thought or depth‑recurrence methods. An adaptive variant requires minimal hyperparameter tuning and achieves notable gains on the Gemma3 family, including a 23% perplexity drop and a 21% accuracy increase on GSM8k.
By Michael C. Mozer, Shoaib Ahmed Siddiqui, Danny Sawyer, Sunny Sanyal, Rosanne Liu
arXiv:2604. 01577v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: We study out of distribution generalization in streaming tasks where models are trained on short sequences but must operate over much longer, unknown horizons under bounded memory.
By Shota Takashiro, Masanori Koyama, Takeru Miyato, Yusuke Iwasawa, Yutaka Matsuo, Kohei Hayashi
arXiv:2609.16752v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Cognitive Field Theory (CFT) proposes that cognition arises from memory-dressed collective dynamics that generate a persistent macroscopic cognitive fi...
By Byung Gyu Chae
arXiv:2608. 03425v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Transformer-based architectures have dominated sequence modeling, largely due to the expressive power of attention mechanisms.
By Xiaohe Li, Yang Lu
arXiv:2502.09245v3 Announce Type: replace
Abstract: In contrast to RNNs, which compress their history into a single hidden state, Transformers can attend to all past tokens directly. However, standar...
By Gleb Gerasimov, Yaroslav Aksenov, Nikita Balagansky, Viacheslav Sinii, Daniil Gavrilov
The paper investigates whether extra computation in recurrent Transformers should be allocated to more temporal steps or greater physical depth. Using Latent Recurrent Transformers (LRTs), the authors insert a latent thought token between vocabulary tokens, allowing each token to pass through the same $L$ layers twice while sharing parameters. Experiments on 16‑ and 20‑layer mixture‑of‑experts NanoChat backbones show that a single thought token brings a shallower model within 0.006–0.004 bits per byte of a double‑depth counterpart, recovering 67–81% of the improvement with roughly 48% fewer parameters.
By Zeyi Huang, Xuehai He, Yong Jae Lee, Yelong Shen