SQuAT introduces a shape‑gain vector quantization‑aware training (VQ‑QAT) method that separates weight direction and magnitude, using an $E_8$‑derived spherical codebook for directions and low‑bit scalar quantizers for gains. By applying distinct straight‑through estimators (STE) to each component, SQuAT induces tangent‑space updates that act as an implicit spherical (Riemannian) optimization, improving training dynamics over standard STE approaches. A distributed exact nearest‑neighbor assignment scheme further reduces training time by 12.8×, enabling scaling to 10 B tokens and achieving state‑of‑the‑art accuracy on several large language models.
By Sebastian Loeschcke, Ivan Koryakovskiy, Tycho F. A. van der Ouderaa, Riccardo Del Chiaro, Mart van Baalen, Paul N. Whatmough, Markus Nagel
arXiv:2603. 11021v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Scalar quantization of large language models (LLMs) is fundamentally limited by information-theoretic bounds.
By Tycho F. A. van der Ouderaa, Mart van Baalen, Paul Whatmough, Markus Nagel
arXiv:2607. 01065v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The deployment of Large Language Models (LLMs) with extended context windows is increasingly constrained by the linear growth of Key-Value (KV) cache memory.
By Soosung Kim, Minjae Park, Eui-Young Chung, Jaeyong Chung
arXiv:2610.27699v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Low-bit quantization reduces the memory footprint of large language models, but preserving accuracy with efficient training remains challenging. Scalar...
By Xinyu Lei, Hong Huang, Jiebin Zhang, Hongyu Li, Jinlong Song, Decheng Wu, Guanghua Yu, Jianchen Zhu, Sujian Li
arXiv:2605.11222v2 Announce Type: replace
Abstract: Quantization is an effective strategy to reduce the storage and computation footprint of large language models (LLMs). Post-training quantization (...
By Ryan Lucas, Mehdi Makni, Xiang Meng, Adam Deng, Rahul Mazumder
arXiv:2610.09212v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: The best two-bit weight quantizers for large language models, such as QTIP and Proteus, rotate each weight matrix by a random orthogonal transform, whi...
By Guanhua Ding, Zi Wang, Ruichao Li, Jack Liu