arXiv AI
Oct 5

The AI Risk Observatory: What Can We Learn from AI Disclosures in Annual Reports About Societal Resilience?

The study examines whether annual reports can reveal how companies disclose AI-related risks and responses. Using a two-stage classification pipeline on 9,821 reports from 1,362 UK listed firms (2020‑2026), the authors find that mentions of AI risk rose from 2.8% to 41.2% and AI adoption disclosures from 13.8% to 45.2%, with most risk mentions clustering around major vendors like Microsoft. Disclosure varies by sector and market segment, with Critical National Infrastructure and AIM reports lagging, and substantive risk disclosures remain rare—only 4.3% in 2025. "Why It Matters": The findings show that while AI risk is increasingly referenced in corporate reports, substantive disclosures are scarce, highlighting a gap in transparency that could affect societal resilience.

By Bart Jaworski
arXiv Computation and Language
Oct 23

Agent Mosaic: Recognizing Confidentiality Leaks in Agentic LLM Systems

The paper investigates how large language model agents can inadvertently leak confidential information by combining data from multiple documents—a phenomenon termed the "mosaic effect." Using 30 synthetic cybersecurity, medical, and military scenarios, the authors generate 10,800 simulated and 1,440 live answers from three LLM agents, finding that even the best model discloses forbidden composites in over 7% of simulated responses. While visible classification headers and aggregation rules reduce disclosure rates, unsafe disclosures remain in roughly one third of simulated answers, and increased refusals do not fully prevent leakage of prohibited conclusions.

By Daniel Ruiz, Luca Luceri, Emilio Ferrara
arXiv AI
Sep 23

Beyond Predictable Paths: Redefining AI Security Incident Reporting for Agents

The paper discusses the need to adapt incident reporting frameworks for AI agents, which are rapidly deployed and face unique security challenges. By comparing AI systems and agents and consulting 23 experts, the authors identify key reporting elements such as agent memory, autonomy levels, and tool usage. They also highlight open research questions, potential reporting weaknesses like data leakage, and outline privacy requirements for secure AI agent deployment.

By Anastasia Pustozerova, Eugene Bagdasarian, Luca Beurer-Kellner, Battista Biggio, Nico Ebert, David Filip, Marc Fischer, Heather Frase, David Hofer, Juliane Hoffmann, Daphne Ippolito, Somesh Jha, Sean McGregor, Esfandiar Mohammadi, Luca Nannini, Cristina Nita-Rotaru, Alina Oprea, Kevin Paeth, Andrew Paverd, Jonathan Petit, Andreas Rauber, Christian Riess, John Sotiropoulos, Andreas Wespi, Kathrin Grosse