arXiv AI By Maithili Patel, Sonia Chernova

Robots That Take Initiative: A Framework for Building and Evaluating Proactive Robots

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The paper presents a unified formalism for proactive robot assistance, organized into three levels, and introduces a framework for unprompted proactive assistance. It demonstrates that offline evaluation overestimates performance and proposes a closed-loop evaluation using an adaptive human model. The authors also present GAP, a method that learns from passive observation to anticipate user goals and act, outperforming prior state-of-the-art methods in closed-loop tests.

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