ParsHate: A Benchmark Dataset for Hate and Target Detection in Persian
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arXiv:2609.16393v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We introduce ParsHate, a manually annotated dataset of 10,000 Persian tweets spanning 2013-2022, representing the first decade-long benchmark for hate...
arXiv:2607. 00143v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Online hate speech has been linked to a global rise in violence against minorities, including incidents such as mass shootings, lynchings, and ethnic cleansing.
arXiv:2607. 00143v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Online hate speech has been linked to a global rise in violence against minorities, including incidents such as mass shootings, lynchings, and ethnic cleansing.
The paper evaluates large language models for hate‑speech detection in Roman Urdu, a low‑resource language with informal spelling variations. Using the Parameter‑Efficient Fine‑Tuning technique Low‑Rank Adaptation (LoRA), the authors fine‑tune models such as Mistral, LLaMA, Falcon, and multilingual BERT on the 72,000‑comment PURUTT dataset. While zero‑shot performance yields an F1 of 0.56, fine‑tuning a small fraction of parameters boosts F1 scores above 0.93, demonstrating that PEFT offers both high accuracy and computational efficiency for low‑resource language tasks.
The paper proposes a training‑time explainability framework that aligns model reasoning with human‑annotated rationales to improve both classification performance and interpretability for multilingual hate speech detection. It is evaluated on HateXplain (English) and BullySent (Hinglish), datasets that capture anti‑Muslim hate in culturally coded, multilingual forms. Using methods such as LIME, Integrated Gradients, Grad‑X‑Input, and attention, the study shows that gradient‑ and attention‑based regularization boosts F‑scores, enhances plausibility and faithfulness, and captures culturally specific cues for detecting implicit anti‑Muslim hate.
Hateful memes are a growing form of multimodal online harm, where hostile intent is often conveyed through the joint interpretation of images, text, cultural references, and implicit targets. While hateful meme detection has advanced in high-resource languages, Arabic remains underexplored, with existing meme resources focusing mainly on propaganda or coarse harmful-content labels.