arXiv Machine Learning
Aug 27

Controlling for Omitted Variable Bias in Deep Neural Networks

The paper introduces a control‑variable framework for deep neural networks to mitigate omitted variable bias, particularly shortcut learning where covariates like demographics influence predictions. It refits the final layer of a pre‑trained network using cross‑fitting with ridge penalisation, orthogonalises covariate effects, and marginalises predictions over covariate distributions to achieve unbiased, interpretable results. Experiments on simulated images and neuroimaging data show consistent estimation of true effects and performance close to models trained on unconfounded data.

By Manuel Pfeuffer, Roshan Prakash Rane, Kerstin Ritter, Sonja Greven
arXiv AI
Jul 23

In-Run Data Shapley for Adam Optimizer

arXiv:2602. 00329v4 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Reliable data attribution is essential for mitigating bias and reducing computational waste in modern machine learning, with the Shapley value serving as the theoretical gold standard.

By Meng Ding, Zeqing Zhang, Di Wang, Lijie Hu