arXiv AI By Nguyen Xuan-Vu, Octavian Susanu, Daniel Armstrong, Philippe Schwaller

Mechanistic Reaction Prediction via Discrete Flow Matching on Graph-Structured Electron Occupation

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MAELLE is a mechanistic reaction prediction framework that models chemical reactions as discrete flow matching over graph-structured electron occupation vectors. It formulates the reactant-to-product mapping as a Continuous-time Markov Chain on electron sites and uses Optimal Transport to generate mechanistically interpretable edit trajectories without elementary step annotations. The method achieves competitive accuracy on the USPTO-480K benchmark, remains robust in out-of-distribution scenarios, and can recover mechanistic pathways that align with known chemistry and predict side products.

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