arXiv AI By Ruiyi Yang, Zechen Li, Hao Xue, Imran Razzak, Flora D. Salim

MAGE: Multi-Agent Self-Evolution with Co-Evolutionary Knowledge Graphs

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MAGE (Multi-Agent Graph-guided Evolution) is a framework that externalizes self-knowledge of language-model agents into a four-subgraph co-evolutionary knowledge graph, allowing a frozen execution model to retrieve task-conditioned guidance from past reasoning traces and teacher-written corrections. During evolution, the graph, a task-level search bandit, and a skill-level routing bandit are updated from the same reward stream while the learner’s backbone remains unchanged. Across nine diverse benchmarks, MAGE outperforms prompt-based frozen-backbone baselines, and ablations show that self-harvested success traces and teacher-written corrections complement each other, with success memories aiding reasoning-template-heavy tasks and corrective memories supporting harder composition and interaction settings.

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