arXiv Computation and Language By Chiyu Zhang, Lu Zhou, Xiaogang Xu, Huiqin Yang, Bendong Jiang, Xiaolei Zhang, Yiran Zhao, Ruyi Chen, Jiafei Wu, Liming Fang, Zhe Liu

LITMUS: Benchmarking Behavioral Jailbreaks of LLM Agents in Real OS Environments

Read the original on arXiv Computation and Language →

LITMUS is a benchmark for testing the safety of large language model agents in real operating system environments, focusing on behavior jailbreaks that can cause irreversible OS-level harm. It includes 819 high-risk test cases organized into a harmful seed subset and six attack-extended subsets covering jailbreak speaking, skill injection, and entity wrapping, and employs a semantic-physical dual verification mechanism with OS-level state rollback. Evaluation of frontier agents shows that even strong models can execute dangerous operations, exhibit execution hallucination, and are vulnerable to skill injection and entity wrapping attacks.

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