arXiv:2603.00578v2 Announce Type: replace-cross
Abstract: Long chain-of-thought~(CoT) reasoning improves the problem-solving capability of large reasoning models~(LRMs), but often incurs substantial...
By Jie Cao, Tianwei Lin, Juekai Lin, Zhenxuan Fan, Yunqi Cao, Bo Yuan, Ziyuan Zhao, Rolan Yan, Wenqiao Zhang, Siliang Tang
The paper reports that in on‑policy distillation for large language models, reasoning performance can be improved by supervising only a tiny fraction of generated tokens—sometimes just one or two tokens per reasoning trajectory, about 0.05% of all tokens. This sparse supervision consistently matches or exceeds full‑token training across nine teacher‑student setups on mathematical reasoning, and is also validated on coding reasoning, Llama models, and PPO‑based reinforcement learning with verifiable reward. The findings suggest that effective post‑training does not require token‑intensive supervision and may align more closely with natural learning processes that focus on critical reasoning steps.
By Zhishuai Liu, Xingzi Xu, Mehmet Saygin Seyfioglu, Pan Xu, Karim Bouyarmane
arXiv:2602. 08324v5 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning successfully enhances the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs), yet it incurs substantial computational overhead for inference.
By Yuntian Tang, Bohan Jia, Wenxuan Huang, Lianyue Zhang, Jiao Xie, Wenxi Li, Wei Li, Jie Hu, Xinghao Chen Rongrong Ji, Shaohui Lin
arXiv:2604.08454v2 Announce Type: replace
Abstract: Large language models are increasingly deployed in high-stakes domains, where confident yet incorrect inferences may cause severe real-world harm,...
By Haokai Ma, Lee Yan Zhen, Gang Yang, Yunxiang Chen, Yunshan Ma, Tat-Seng Chua, Ee-Chien Chang
BoundaryEvo introduces a two‑stage data‑model co‑evolution framework for distilling long‑chain reasoning from large teacher models into small language models. First, Capability Priming distills a small set of teacher trajectories to give the student an initial reasoning baseline. Then, Capability‑Boundary Co‑Evolution iteratively selects questions the student has not mastered but the teacher can solve, updating the training data as the student’s capability grows. With only 1,000 examples, BoundaryEvo improves Qwen3.5‑4B accuracy from 62.9 % to 75.3 % on IMO‑AnswerBench and from 26.8 % to 46.0 % on AMO‑Bench, outperforming static and dynamic baselines across 11 benchmarks.
By Jiaming Su, Suorong Yang, Xudong Li, Tengchao Yang, Peng Ye
arXiv:2610.02703v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: On-policy distillation (OPD) improves large language model reasoning by training students on their own rollouts with dense token-wise supervision from...
By Yuxiang Zhang, Ding Cao, Shuting Cui, Lei Wang, Weijieying Ren, Tianxiang Zhao