ICA: Information-Aware Credit Assignment for Visually Grounded Long-Horizon Information-Seeking Agents

The paper introduces ICA, an evidence‑centric framework that represents information from web‑tool interactions as stable, rendered snapshots, enabling comparison across trajectories. It proposes Information‑Aware Credit Assignment, a post‑hoc reward propagation technique that estimates turn‑level utility from rollout success and assigns dense rewards to steps that provide high‑utility information. When combined with GSPO, ICA consistently improves performance on several web‑search benchmarks such as BrowseComp, GAIA, Xbench‑DS, and Seal‑0.

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• agents
• nlp
• reinforcement-learning
• multimodal