The paper introduces SAGE, a framework designed to reduce long‑horizon reasoning biases in large language models. It identifies two key biases—exploration bias and compounding bias—arising from complex reasoning spaces and sparse rewards, and proposes Symbolic Closure Analysis (SCA) to understand these effects. SAGE applies algebraic sparsification and hyperbolic structural guidance to suppress spurious branching and provide dense depth‑wise signals, achieving up to an eight‑fold improvement on the Andrews‑Curtis problem across multiple benchmarks and model families.
By Xinyue Zeng, Jiawei Zhang, Yujun Yan, Dawei Zhou
arXiv:2608. 05541v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Evolution Strategy (ES) is a promising alternative to gradient-based fine-tuning for resource-constrained Large Language Model (LLM) reasoning.
By Yu Gu, Zhi Zheng, Yunpeng Ba, Xialiang Tong, Mingxuan Yuan, Zhenkun Wang
arXiv:2606. 29278v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We introduce the Complexity Ceiling Benchmark (CCB), a controlled evaluation of how language-model reasoning decays as the number of required sequential steps grows.
By Shubh Chapra, Dhruv Kumar, Murari Mandal, Yash Sinha
arXiv:2505. 12992v4 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Inference-time scaling techniques have significantly bolstered the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) by harnessing additional computational effort at inference without retraining.
By Baohao Liao, Hanze Dong, Yuhui Xu, Doyen Sahoo, Christof Monz, Junnan Li, Caiming Xiong
arXiv:2606. 01080v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language models often improve on difficult tasks by spending inference-time compute on a reasoning trace before producing the final answer.
By Dhruv Saini, Rohan Pandey
The paper introduces Causal Shortcut Learning (CSL), a framework that identifies token chains—called causal shortcuts—that guide Diffusion Language Models (DLMs) toward correct reasoning paths. By extracting these shortcuts and applying parallel prioritized masking during training, CSL improves both convergence speed and generation accuracy. Experiments on several reasoning benchmarks and two base models show CSL outperforms existing SFT-variant baselines, achieving an average 1.92% improvement over SFT-only models and up to 4.20% on MATH-500.
By Dian Jin, Kairong Han, Baohong Li, Xinpeng Dong, Zijing Hu, Nuanqiao Shan, Fei Wu, Kun Kuang